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Acid Activation of Natural Reed Filter Biomass (Typha latifolia) Application to Pb (II) Uptake from Aqueous Solutions: Kinetic, Thermodynamic Equilibrium Studies and Optimization Studies

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Abstract

This research looks at the potential use of natural biomass of fibers plant with raw leaf release (Tl) and sulphuric acid treated fibers (Tls) as adsorbents for the removal of Pb (II) ions in water. The properties of the materials were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG). investigations were used to describe the fundamental physicochemical characteristics of Tl both before and after acid treatment. Was the subject of bath adsorption tests Pb (II). The initial concentration of Pb (II) ions, reaction time, adsorbent dosage, and pH of the ions were all optimized. The calculated adsorption capacities of Tl and Tls on Pb (II) were 32.64 and 44.65 mg g−1, respectively, according to adsorption isotherm studies. Under ideal biosorption circumstances, which include pH = 5, a biosorbent mass of 0.1 g, and an initial Pb2+ ion concentration of 10 ppm, calculations using the response surface methodology revealed a maximum biosorption efficiency of Pb2+ of 77.6% for Tl and 98.7% for Tls. Desorption research findings demonstrated the potential for promising regenerations, as the percentage removal of Pb (II) from the initial value was sustained at more than 60% even after three adsorption–desorption cycles. Furthermore, the adsorption expenses for Pb (II) removal using Tl and Tls were assumed to be 2.14 and 6.71 USD kg−1, respectively. Based on these findings, Tl and Tls treated substances could be utilized as low-cost, environmentally friendly, and effective adsorbents for the removal of Pb (II) from water. G°, S°, and H° thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the adsorption process was viable, spontaneous, and exothermic.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering (LAMPE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, B.P. 133, 14000, Kenitra, Morocco

    Abdelhay El Amri, Assia Jebli, Iman Lebkiri, Jaouad Bensalah, Fatima Zahra Bouhassane, Lamiae Alami, Azeddine Lebkiri, El Housseine Rifi & Ahmed Lebkiri

  2. Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic and Environment, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco

    Rachid Hsisou

  3. Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Av. Ibn Battouta, P.O. Box. 1014, Agdal-Rabat, Morocco

    Abdelkader Zarrouk

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  1. Abdelhay El Amri
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El Amri, A., Hsisou, R., Jebli, A. et al. Acid Activation of Natural Reed Filter Biomass (Typha latifolia) Application to Pb (II) Uptake from Aqueous Solutions: Kinetic, Thermodynamic Equilibrium Studies and Optimization Studies. Chemistry Africa 7, 345–365 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-023-00733-0

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