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Effect of Collection Time on the Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potentials of Leaf Essential Oil of Eucalyptus globulus L. Growing in North-Central, Nigeria

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Abstract

This study is aimed at monitoring the effect of harvest time on the chemical composition, antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials of leaf essential oil of E. globulus. To achieve this, pulverized fresh leaves (500 g) of E. globulus from various times of harvest were separately hydrodistilled and yielded essential oils in the range of 0.06–0.23%. The oils were characterized using GC and GC–MS techniques. The analyses revealed abundance of γ-terpinene (0.6–14.0%), o-cymene (14.8 and 19.0%), m-cymene (0.4–22.8%), terpinen-4-ol (1.8–21.8%), linalool (0.1–10.3%) and spathulenol (7.7–25.3%) in the oils as well as 1,3,8-p-menthatriene (29.6%) and limonene (18.8%), in the oils of the 1.00 pm and 7.00am harvests respectively. The antioxidant potential of the oils was determined using DPPH radical scavenging, ferric reducing and total antioxidant assays while their antidiabetic potential was evaluated using in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays. The oils scavenged DPPH radical, reduced ferric ion and inhibited the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase that were comparable to the activities of ascorbic acid and acarbose. Meanwhile, the oil from 10.00 am harvest showed the highest antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. Thus, the oil could be used to ameliorate oxidative stress and for the management of type 2 diabetes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Mr. Bolu at the Herbarium of the department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, who assisted in the plant identification.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria

    Lamidi Ajao Usman, Steven Olubunmi Oguntoye & Ridwan Olanrewaju Ismaeel

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  1. Lamidi Ajao Usman
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  2. Steven Olubunmi Oguntoye
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Correspondence to Lamidi Ajao Usman.

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Usman, L.A., Oguntoye, S.O. & Ismaeel, R.O. Effect of Collection Time on the Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potentials of Leaf Essential Oil of Eucalyptus globulus L. Growing in North-Central, Nigeria. Chemistry Africa 5, 257–267 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-022-00325-4

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