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Indandione oligomer@graphene oxide functionalized nanocomposites for enhanced and selective detection of trace Cr2+ and Cu2+ ions

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Abstract

Herein, using 1, 3 indandione and three thiophene unit by Suzuki coupling reaction, small organic oligomer–based indandione derivative, 2-(5″-hexyl-[2,2′:5′2″ terthiophen]-5-yl) methylene)-1H-indene-1,3(2H) dione oligomer (HTD) was synthesized. A functional and highly effective nanocomposite based on the synthesized HTD oligomer and graphene oxide (GO) was further synthesized and utilized to fabricate high-sensitive and selective chemical sensor. The synthesized HTD@GO functionalized nanocomposites were further examined by several techniques and finally coated on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate the chemical sensor. Due to the synergistic impacts of HTD oligomer and GO, the functionalized HTD@GO nanocomposite exhibited outstanding physiochemical, structural, and surface characteristics. Thus, using an electrochemical method, the HTD@GO/GCE sensor probe demonstrated the outstanding simultaneous trace detection of heavy metals such as Cr2+ and Cu2+ ions. The HTD@GO/GCE sensor probe revealed a strong selectivity towards Cr2+ and Cu2+ ions when compared to other metal ions (Al3+, Zn2+, K+, Mn2+). Importantly, the HTD@GO/GCE-based sensor exhibited relatively good dynamic linear ranges of 1–100 µM and detection limit values of ~3.65 μM and ~2.25 μM, respectively, for trace Cr2+ and Cu2+ ions. The HTD@GO/GCE sensor probe has low relative standard deviations (RSDs) of ~10% and ~6.4% for Cr2+ and Cu2+ ions, respectively, as suggested by the repeatability test. Analyzing actual water samples was also used to test the reliability of the functionalized nanocomposite sensor.

Graphical abstract

HTD@GO/GCE-based-sensor presents good detection limit values of ~3.65 μM and ~2.25 μM with excellent linear dynamic for Cr2+ and Cu2+ ions, respectively.

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Funding

This research is supported by Korea Basic Science Institute under the R&D program (Project No. D010710) supervised by the Ministry of Science and ICT. This work was also supported by the national research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) No-2019R1F1063999. E. B. Kim also received research grant from NRF Korea (Project No.: 2020R1A6A3A13070611). This paper was supported by the selection of research oriented professor of Jeonbuk National University in 2021. This paper is supported by the research funds of Jeonbuk National University in 2021.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea

    Eun-Bi Kim

  2. Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Bio-Convergence Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeongeup Campus, 56212, Republic of Korea

    Eun-Bi Kim, M. Imran & Sadia Ameen

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmad Umar

  4. New & Renewable Energy Material Development Center (NewREC), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea

    M. Shaheer Akhtar

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Kim, EB., Imran, M., Umar, A. et al. Indandione oligomer@graphene oxide functionalized nanocomposites for enhanced and selective detection of trace Cr2+ and Cu2+ ions. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 5, 1582–1594 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-022-00428-z

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