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Assessment of groundwater suitability in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India, based on Water Quality Index (WQI)

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Abstract

In Tamil Nadu, India, the Tiruchirappalli district is located in the central part of the region. Hard rock formations from the Archaean to sedimentary formations from the Quaternary era are found within Tiruchirappalli district. The entire study area can determine hard rock and sedimentary rock regions. The groundwater system must be assessed for sustainability in response to population growth and agriculture intensification. During the Southwest Monsoon (SWM) season, 90 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for major cations and anions. In the study area, the cation abundance of groundwater samples is arranged as Na2+ > Ca2+  > Mg2+ > K+ and major anions in this research region are distributed in the following order of relative abundance: HCO3− > SO42− > Cl− > NO3−. Water facies on the Piper plot include Ca–HCO3, Ca–Cl, Na–Cl, Na–HCO3, mixed Ca, Na–HCO3, and mixed Ca, Mg–Cl groundwater samples. The Durov diagram represents underground water's hydro-geochemical mechanisms and chemical exchange processes. Reverse ion exchange mechanisms and human origin mixture via rainfall recharge are represented in the research region. The plot of Gibbs implies that a rock dominance process precedes weathering of rock-forming components. Drinking and irrigation guidelines show that most water evaluated is safe for human consumption. Ion exchange, agricultural runoff, and human waste all influence water chemistry. Most Water Quality Index (WQI) samples fall into the excellent-to-good water category.

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  1. Department of Geography Government Arts College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, 620 022, India

    D. Shanthi

  2. Department of Industrial and Earth Sciences, Tamil University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613 010, India

    K. Kalaivanan & K. Sankar

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Shanthi, D., Kalaivanan, K. & Sankar, K. Assessment of groundwater suitability in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India, based on Water Quality Index (WQI). Int J Energ Water Res (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42108-022-00223-y

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