Abstract
To evaluate the yield potential of 96 ecotypes including 48 proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) and 48 foxtail millet ecotypes (Setaria italica) along with four check cultivars under well-watered and water stress conditions, a field experiment was carried out in the Agricultural Research Institute, Meybod, Yazd, Iran, during 2013–2014 using an incomplete block design with two replications. Based on the grain and forage yield, tolerance (TOL), stress susceptibility index (SSI), mean productivity (MP), harmonic mean (HM), geometric mean productivity (GMP) and stress tolerance index (STI) as drought tolerance indices were calculated and tolerant genotype selection index (TGSI) was conducted along with factor analysis. Among all the ecotypes and according to all indices, ecotypes S100, P10, S52, P97, S108, P20, S55, S104 and S18 were selected as the most drought-tolerant and grain yield potential. In addition, ecotypes P34, S104, P97, S39, S53, P102, P23, P5, S18, S13, S12, P92, and S3 were tolerant ecotypes with high potential forage yield. The results indicated that the ranking by TGSI was almost similar to the results obtained through the factor analysis. In addition, TGSI has had easier calculations than factor analysis and other methods. Therefore, it is suggested to explore the stress tolerant ecotypes in practical plant breeding.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- MP:
-
Mean productivity
- GMP:
-
Geometric mean productivity
- TOL:
-
Tolerance
- SSI:
-
Stress susceptibility index
- ATI:
-
Abiotic tolerance index
- STI:
-
Stress tolerance index
- TGSI:
-
Tolerant genotype selection index
- HM:
-
Harmonic mean
- WUE:
-
Water use efficiency
- YP :
-
Yield potential
- YS :
-
Yield in stress
- PH:
-
Plant height
- DF:
-
Day to flowering
- PL:
-
Panicle length
- PW:
-
Panicle weight
References
Abdolshahi, R., Safarian, A., Nazari, M., Pourseyedi, S., & Mohamadi-Nejad, G. (2013). Screening drought-tolerant ecotypes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using different multivariate methods. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science,59, 685–704.
Alexandratos, N., & Bruinsma, J. (2012). World agriculture towards 2030/2050. The 2012 revision. ESA working paper no. 12-03. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization Agricultural Development Economics Division.
Allen, R., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., & Smith, M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration. Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. Irrigation and drainage paper no. 56. Rome: FAO.
Bhatt, D., Negi, M., Sharma, P., Saxena, S. C., Dobriyal, A. K., & Arora, S. (2011). Responses to drought induced oxidative stress in five finger millet varieties differing in their geographical distribution. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants,17, 347–353.
Charu, L., Sarika, G., & Manoj, P. (2012). Foxtail millet: a model crop for genetic and genomic studies in bioenergy grasses. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology.
Chen, X. J., Min, D. H., Yasir, T. A., & Hu, Y. G. (2012). Evaluation of morphological, yield- related and physiological traits as indicators of drought tolerance in Chinese winter bread wheat revealed by analysis of the membership function value of drought tolerance (MFVD). Field Crop Research,137, 195–201.
Clarke, J. M., Depauw, R. M., & Townley-Smith, T. M. (1992). Evaluation of methods for quantification of drought tolerance in wheat. Crop Science,32, 728–732.
Dwivedi, S., Upadhyaya, H., Senthilvel, S., Hash, C., Fukunaga, K., & Diao, X. (2012). Millets: genetic and genomic resources in plant breeding reviews. In J. Janick (Ed.), Plant Breeding Reviews (pp. 247–374). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
FAO ICRISAT. (2013). The world sorghum and millet economies, facts, trends and outlook. Teme di Caracalla: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations.
Farshadfar, E., Jalali, A., & Saeidi, M. (2012). Introduction of a new selection index for improvement of drought tolerance in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). European Journal of Experimental Biology,2, 1181–1187.
Fernandez, G. C. J. (1992). Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. In C. G. Kuo (Ed.), Proceedings of an International Symposium on adaptation of vegetables and other food crops to temperature water stress, Taiwan, 13–16 Aug (pp. 257–270). Tainan: Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center.
Fischer, R. A., & Maurer, R. (1978). Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. Part 1: grain yield response. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,29, 897–912.
Fita, A., Rodiguez-Burruezo, A., Boscaiu, M., Prohens, J., & Vicente, O. (2015). Breeding and domesticating crops adapted to drought and salinity: a new paradigm for increasing food production. Frontiers in Plant Science,6, 1–14.
Hossain, A. B. S., Sears, A. G., Cox, T. S., & Paulsen, G. M. (1990). Desiccation tolerance and its relationship to assimilate partitioning in winter wheat. Crop Science,30, 622–627.
Huang, B. (2000). Role of root morphological and physiological characteristics in drought resistance of plants. In R. E. Wilkinson (Ed.), Plant–environment interactions (pp. 39–64). New York: Marcel Dekker Inc.
Karim, M. R., & Rahman, M. A. (2015). Drought risk management for increased cereal production in Asian least developed countries. Weather and Climate Extremes,7, 24–35.
Kristin, A. S., Senra, R. R., Perez, F. I., Enriquez, B. C., Gallegos, J. A. A., & Vallego, P. R. (1997). Improving common bean performance under drought stress. Crop Science,37, 43–50.
Li, Y. M. (1997). Breeding for foxtail millet drought tolerant cultivars (in Chinese). In Y. Li (Ed.), Foxtail millet breeding (pp. 421–446). Beijing: Chinese Agriculture Press.
Li, P., & Brutnell, T. P. (2011). Setaria viridis and Setaria italica, model genetic systems for the Panicoid grasses. Journal of Experimental Botany,62, 3031–3037.
Liu, C., Yang, Z., & Hu, Y. G. (2015). Drought resistance of wheat alien chromosome addition lines evaluated by membership function value based on multiple traits and drought resistance index of grain yield. Field Crop Science,179, 103–112.
Mccaig, T. N., & Clarke, J. M. (1982). Seasonal changes in nonstructural carbohydrate levels of wheat and oats grown in semiarid environment. Crop Science,22, 963–970.
Meng, Q., Guan, Z., Feng, B., Yan, C., & Hu, Y. (2009). Principal component analysis and fuzzy clustering on drought-tolerance related traits of foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Scientia Agricultura Sinica,42, 2667–2675.
Mohammadi, M., Karimzade, R. & Abdipour, M. (2011). Evaluation of drought tolerance in bread wheat genotypes under dryland and supplemental irrigation conditions. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5, 487–493.
Mohammadi-Nejad, G., Vaezi, H., Majidi-Heravan, E., Nakhoda, B., & Darvish-Kajouri, F. (2017). Field screening for drought tolerance in Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum millet germplasm from Iran. Indian Journal of Genetics,77, 83–91.
Moosavi, S. S., Yazdi Samadi, B., Naghavi, M. R., Zali, A. A., Dashti, H., & Pourshahbazi, A. (2008). Introduction of new indices to identify relative drought tolerance and resistance in wheat ecotypes. Desert,12, 165–178.
Papathanasiou, F., Dordas, C., Gekas, F., Pankou, F., Ninou, E., Mylonas, I., et al. (2015). The use of stress tolerance indices for the selection of tolerant inbred lines and their correspondent hybrids under normal and water-stress conditions. Procedia Environmental Science,29, 274–275.
Puranik, S., Jha, S., Srivastava, P. S., Sreenivasulu, N., & Prasad, M. (2011). Comparative transcriptome analysis of contrasting foxtail millet cultivars in response to short-term salinity stress. Journal of Plant Physiology,168, 280–287.
Rosielle, A. A., & Hamblin, J. (1981). Theoretical aspects of selection for yield in stress and non-stress environments. Crop Science,21, 43–46.
Sardouie-Nasab, S., Mohammadi-Nejad, G., & Nakhoda, B. (2015). Field screening of salinity tolerance in iranian bread wheat lines. Crop Science,54, 1489–1496.
Shivran, A. C. (2016). Biofortification for nutrient-rich millets. Biofortification of food crops (pp. 409–420). New Delhi: Springer.
Sio-Se Mardeh, A., Ahmadi, A., Poustini, K., & Mohammadi, V. (2006). Evaluation of drought resistance indices under various environmental conditions. Field Crops Research,98, 222–229.
Szira, F., Balint, A. F., Borner, A., & Galiba, G. (2008). Evaluation of drought-related traits and screening methods at different developmental stages in spring barley. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,194, 334–342.
Zhang, C., Zhang, H., & Li, A. (2007). Advances of millet research on nutrition and application. Journal of the Chinese Cereals Oils Association,22, 51–55.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vaezi, H., Mohammadi-Nejad, G., Majidi-Heravan, E. et al. Effective Selection Indices for Improving Tolerance to Water Stress in Millet Germplasm. Int. J. Plant Prod. 14, 93–105 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42106-019-00070-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42106-019-00070-8