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Final height in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Purpose

Considering the high prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) together with the importance of improved physical growth and the significance of promoting healthcare quality among T1DM children, this meta-analysis aims to determine mean final height in this population group.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for all studies published until May 2023 and reviewed references of published articles. Meta-analytic procedures were used to estimate the effect size (mean final height Z-score) among T1DM children in a random effects model. Significance values, weighted effect sizes, 95% CIs, and tests of homogeneity of variance were calculated. The included studies consisted of data from 3274 patients.

Results

The mean final height Z-score for T1DM children was -0.201 (n = 25 studies, 95% CI: -0.389, -0.013; I2 = 97%), -0.262 in males (n = 20 studies, 95% CI: -0.539, 0.015, I2 = 97.1%), and -0.218 in females (n = 18 studies, 95% CI: -0.436, 0, I2 = 94.2%). The non-significant negative association between age at diagnosis, HbA1c levels, and final height Z-score is suggested by the findings of the univariate meta-regression.

Conclusion

Our findings indicated that children with T1DM have impaired linear growth and that monitoring of growth in these patient populations is an important issue in the management of T1DM. Due to a scarcity of studies providing data on the relationship between uncontrolled diabetes (increased HbA1c) and early diagnosis and final height, further investigation is warranted to determine whether there is indeed a correlation. Consequently, any conclusion regarding the association between uncontrolled diabetes (elevated HbA1c), early diagnosis of T1DM, and the increased risk of impaired linear growth or final height remains uncertain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metabolic Liver Disease Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Silva Hovsepian, Rojin Chegini, Tahereh Alinia & Mahin Hashemipour

  2. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Hooria Seyedhosseini Ghaheh

  3. Department of Medical Library and Information Sciences, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Rasool Nouri

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  1. Silva Hovsepian
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Hovsepian, S., Chegini, R., Alinia, T. et al. Final height in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hormones 23, 35–48 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-023-00500-3

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