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Skull material of an Early Cretaceous hadrosauriform dinosaur (Ornithopoda) from Salas de los Infantes (Burgos, Spain)

Material craneal de un dinosaurio hadrosauriforme (Ornithopoda) del Cretácico Inferior de Salas de los Infantes (Burgos, España)

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Abstract

Skull remains of an ornithopod dinosaur, identified as MDS-LTASI, from the Los Terreros-Altollano site in Salas de los Infantes (Burgos, Spain) are described. The site is located in the upper Barremian-Aptian Castrillo de la Reina Formation (Cameros Basin). The fossils are part of a single individual and consist of a predentary, a dentary and a set of isolated teeth, four of which (three maxillary teeth and one tooth from the dentary) are described here. The combination of characters observed in MDS-LTASI (septa of the alveoli shaped to accommodate the teeth; ventral deflection of the rostral zone; coronoid process forming an obtuse angle with the craniocaudal axis of the mandibular ramus; medial surface of the adductor fossa with an oval foramen—a character shared with Portellsaurus-; maxillary teeth without or with few secondary ridges) differentiates it from other non-hadrosaurid styracosternans, but the fragmentary nature of the material does not advise the erection of a new taxon. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that the Los Terreros-Altollano taxon is a basal hadrosauriform more derived than Iguanodon, but more basal than Proa. This find extends the diversity of ornithopods from the Cameros Basin, as well as the Iberian record of non-hadrosaurid styracosternans.

Resumen

Se describen varios elementos craneales de un dinosaurio ornitópodo identificado como MDS-LTASI, procedente del yacimiento Los Terreros-El Altollano, en Salas de los Infantes (Burgos, España). El yacimiento está localizado en la Formación Castrillo de la Reina (Cuenca de Cameros), de edad Barremiense superior-Aptiense. Los fósiles estudiados pertenecen a un único individuo y consisten en un predentario, un dentario y un conjunto de dientes aislados, cuatro de los cuales (tres dientes maxilares y uno del dentario) se describen aquí. La combinación de caracteres de MDS-LTASI (septos alveolares adaptados para alojar los dientes; desviación ventral de la zona rostral; proceso coronoideo formando un ángulo obtuso con el eje rostrocaudal de la rama mandibular; foramen oval en la superficie media de la fosa abductora -un carácter que comparte con Portellsaurus-; dientes maxilares sin crestas secundarias o con un número bajo de ellas) lo diferencian de otros estiracosternos no hadrosáuridos, pero la naturaleza fragmentaria del material no aconseja definir un nuevo taxón. Un análisis filogenético sugiere que el taxón de Los Terreros-El Altollano es un hadrosauriforme basal más derivado que Iguanodon, pero más basal que Proa. Este hallazgo aumenta la diversidad de ornitópodos de la Cuenca de Cameros, así como la del registro ibérico de estiracosternos no hadrosáuridos.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to Caterine Arias Riesgo, restorer-curator of the Museo de los Dinosaurios de Salas de los Infantes (MDS) for the fossil preparation, and to Eduardo Puértolas Pascual, researcher in Aragosaurus Group, for his help with TNT software. The Los Terreros-Altollano site has been excavated (July 2022) by the Colectivo Arqueológico y Paleontológico de Salas (CAS), with funding from the Salas de los Infantes City Council, the Fundación para el estudio de los Dinosaurios en Castilla y León and the Diputación Provincial de Burgos. Thanks to all the volunteers that participated in the excavation, including students and university graduates. Research of XPS is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Regional Development Fund (research project PID2021-122612OB-I00) and the Basque Government (research group IT1485-22). Finally, we express our gratitude for the valuable comments and suggestions provided by the reviewers Francisco J. Verdú and Jeremy A. F. Lockwood.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zaragoza, Spain

    D. Escanero-Aguilar

  2. Museo de Dinosaurios de Salas de los Infantes y Colectivo Arqueológico y Paleontológico de Salas, 09600, Salas de los Infantes, Burgos, Spain

    F. Torcida Fernández-Baldor

  3. Departamento de Geología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Apartado 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain

    X. Pereda-Suberbiola

  4. Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos, s/n, 37008, Salamanca, Spain

    P. Huerta

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Escanero-Aguilar, D., Torcida Fernández-Baldor, F., Pereda-Suberbiola, X. et al. Skull material of an Early Cretaceous hadrosauriform dinosaur (Ornithopoda) from Salas de los Infantes (Burgos, Spain). J Iber Geol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41513-023-00227-5

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