Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Biology, ecology and control of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), with special reference to biological control using entomopathogenic nematode (EPN): a review

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a polyphagous, holometabolous and multivoltine insect that has spread from its supposed origin in sub-Saharan Africa to regions between 45° north and 45° south geographic latitude. It is considered an important economic pest worldwide, due to the direct damage caused to fruit, the high cost of its management and the restriction of the export of fruit from infested countries to markets in countries exempt from infestation. If no control measures are applied against this pest, C. capitata can destroy 50% of total production or 100% in “preferred” hosts. Currently, chemical insecticides are commonly applied to control medflies due to their rapid and satisfactory action; however, this method has many problems, including the destruction of non-target organisms, residues on agricultural products, environmental pollution and the development of insect resistance to insecticides. These negative effects have led scientists to search for more sustainable and ecological new control methods. Recently, great attention has been given to biological control, which has become a practical option for the ecological control of pests. Among biological control, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have great potential as control agents for soil-borne pests, like C. capitata.

Main body

This review focuses particularly on the control of C. capitata, specifically emphasizing the use of EPNs as biological control agents and their integration into integrated pest management. It is apparent from this study that species of Steinernema sp. and Heterorhabditis sp. are highly virulent against the late instars larvae and adults of C. capitata under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as these EPNs significantly reduce the population of this pest in semi-field and field trials. The pathogenicity of entomopathogenic nematodes against C. capitata was influenced by natural physicochemical and anthropogenic factors. The most effective EPNs were found to be compatible with certain mineral, chemical and biological products with insecticidal activity, indicating that these products can be combined with EPNs in the context of integrated control.

Conclusion

Based on this, EPNs have a promising future as an alternative to conventional chemicals against Mediterranean fruit fly.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Availability of data and materials

The data and materials of this study are presented in the manuscript.

References

  • Abbas M (2016) Infectivity of the entomopathogenic nematodes as bio-control agents against Spodoptera littorals, Ceratitis capitata and Bactrocera zonata Abbas, MST, Gehan M. Nouh, Salwa SM Abdel-Samad and Amira AKH Negm. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 26:609–613

    Google Scholar 

  • Abd-Elgawad MM (2021) The mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae), a key pest of citrus in Egypt. J Integr Pest Manag 12:28. https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abd-Elgawad M, Abdel-Razek A, Abd El-Wahab A (2012) Efficacy of kaolin, entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi on the Mediterranean fruit fly infecting citrus. Egypt J Agronematol 11:178–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Razek AS, Abd-Elgawad MM (2021) Spinosad combined with entomopathogenic nematode for biocontrol of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata [Wiedemann]) on citrus. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 31:1–5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00458-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acharya R, Hwang H-S, Mostafiz MM, Yu Y-S, Lee K-Y (2020) Susceptibility of various developmental stages of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, to entomopathogenic nematodes. Insects 11:868. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11120868

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Adithya S, Shivaprakash M, Sowmya E (2020) Evaluation of insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus against shoot and fruit borer Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of vegetable crops. Èntomol Zoöl Stud 8:2343–2348. https://doi.org/10.22271/phyto.2020.v9.i3x.11516

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alaoui A, Imoulan A, El Alaoui-Talibi Z, El Meziane A (2010) Genetic structure of Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) populations from Moroccan Endemic Forest of Argania spinosa. Int J Agric Bio 12:291–298

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alekseev E, Glazer I, Samish M (2006) Effect of soil texture and moisture on the activity of entomopathogenic nematodes against female Boophilus annulatus ticks. Biocontrol Sci 51:507–518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-005-2935-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aleyo R, Wagacha JM, Amugune NO, Waturu CN (2023) Antimicrobial activity of Serratia marcescens endosymbionts of Rhabditis nematodes against selected antibiotic resistant bacteria. Access Microbiol 000684:v000681

    Google Scholar 

  • Aleyo R (2021) Characterization and antimicrobial activity of Serratia Marcescens endosymbionts of Rhabditis nematodes against selected bacterial and fungal pathogen. University of Nairobi.

  • Al-Khshemawee HH (2018) Evaluation of biochemical and metabolomics changes in Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata on different fruits, diet and life stages to understand the biological and physiological changes. School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University, Western Australia

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeida JE, Batista Filho A, Oliveira FC, Raga A (2007) Pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungi and nematode on medfly Ceratitis capitata (Wied)(Diptera: Tephritidae). BioAssay. https://doi.org/10.14295/BA.v2.0.12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alonso-Muñoz A, Garcia-Marí F (2013) Mass-trapping of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in citrus: how it works and factors to improve its efficacy. IOBC WPRS Bull 95:43–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Arias MB, Elfekih S, Vogler AP (2018) Population genetics and migration pathways of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata inferred with coalescent methods. PeerJ 6:e5340. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5340

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong JW (1983) Infestation biology of three fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) species on ‘Brazilian’,‘Valery’,and ‘William’s’ cultivars of banana in Hawaii. J Econ Entomol 76:539–543. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/76.3.539

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balachowsky A (1950) La mouche des fruits est-elle originaire de l’Afrique tropicale? Fruits 5:319–324

    Google Scholar 

  • Balachowsky A, Mesnil L (1935) Les Insectes nuisibles aux plantes cultivées, Leurs mœurs, Leur destruction. Paris, I & II. 596–600

  • Bali E-MD, Moraiti CA, Ioannou CS, Mavraganis V, Papadopoulos NT (2021) Evaluation of mass trapping devices for early seasonal management of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) populations. Agronomy 11:1101. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061101s

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balmès V, Mouttet R (2017) Development and validation of a simplified morphological identification key for larvae of tephritid species most commonly intercepted at import in Europe. EPPO Bull 47:91–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12369

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baronio CA, Bernardi D, Schutze IX, Baldin MM, Machota R Jr, Garcia FRM, Botton M (2019) Toxicities of insecticidal toxic baits to control Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae): implications for field management. J Econ Entomol 112:2782–2789. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz194

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baruffi L, Damiani G, Guglielmino C, Bandi C, Malacrida A, Gasperi G (1995) Polymorphism within and between populations of Ceratitis capitata: comparison between RAPD and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis data. Heredity 74:425–437

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Benelli G, Rizzo R, Zeni V, Govigli A, Samková A, Sinacori M, Verde GL, Pavela R, Cappellacci L, Petrelli R (2021) Carlina acaulis and Trachyspermum ammi essential oils formulated in protein baits are highly toxic and reduce aggressiveness in the medfly, Ceratitis Capitata. Ind Crops Prod 161:113191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.113191

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beroza M, Green N, Gertler S, Steiner L, Miyashita D (1961) Insect attractants, new attractants for the Mediterranean fruit fly. J Agric Food Chem 9:361–365. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60117a007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhat AH, Chaubey AK, Askary TH (2020) Global distribution of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema and Heterorhabditis. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 30:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-0212-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biobest (2022) Biological control of pests. https://www.biobestgroup.com/fr/biobest/produits/lutte-biologique-contre-les-ravageurs-4459/#productGroup_4497 (10 september 2022)

  • Boemare N (2002) Biology, taxonomy and systematics of Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus. In: Gaugler R (ed) Entomopathogenic nematology. CABI Publishing, New York, pp 35–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Boemare N, Akhurst R, Mourant R (1993) DNA relatedness between Xenorhabdus spp. (Enterobacteriaceae), symbiotic bacteria of entomopathogenic nematodes, and a proposal to transfer Xenorhabdus luminescens to a new genus, Photorhabdus gen. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 43:249–255. https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-43-2-249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonizzoni M, Malacrida A, Guglielmino C, Gomulski L, Gasperi G, Zheng L (2000) Microsatellite polymorphism in the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis Capitata. Insect Mol Biol 9:251–261. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2583.2000.00184.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonizzoni M, Guglielmino C, Smallridge C, Gomulski M, Malacrida A, Gasperi G (2004) On the origins of medfly invasion and expansion in Australia. Mol Ecol 13:3845–3855. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02371.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Botton M, Arioli C, Machota Júnior R, Nunes M, da ROSA, J., (2016) Moscas-das-frutas na fruticultura de clima temperado: situação atual e perspectivas de controle através do emprego de novas formulações de iscas tóxicas e da captura massal. Embrapa Uva e Vinho-Artigo Em Periódico Indexado 29:103–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Boulahia-Kheder S (2021) Review on major fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in North Africa: bio-ecological traits and future trends. Crop Prot 140:105416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boutjagualt I, Hmimid F, Errami A, Bouharroud R, Qessaoui R, Etahiri S, Benba J (2022) Chemical composition and insecticidal effects of brown algae (Fucus spiralis) essential oil against Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) pupae and adults. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 40:102308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102308

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Byron JA, Khuong BN (2002) Taxonomy and systematics. In: Gaugler R (ed) Entomopathogenic nematology. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp 1–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Capinera J (2001) Order Diptera, flies and maggots. In: Press A (ed) Handbook of vegetable pests. Elesevier, San Diego, pp 218–221

    Google Scholar 

  • Cappelli A, Petrelli D, Gasperi G, Serrao AGM, Ricci I, Damiani C, Favia G (2022) Bacterial Symbionts in Ceratitis Capitata. Insects 13:474. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13050474

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Casaña-Giner V, Gandía-Balaguer A, Mengod-Puerta C, Primo-Millo J, Primo-Yúfera E (1999) Insect growth regulators as chemosterilants for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). J Econ Entomol 92:303–308. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/92.2.303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castillo JC, Reynolds SE, Eleftherianos I (2011) Insect immune responses to nematode parasites. Trends Parasitol 27:537–547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2011.09.001

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen S, Li J, Han X, Moens M (2003) Effect of temperature on the pathogenicity of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis spp.) to Delia radicum. Biocontrol Sci 48:713–724. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026341325264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chergui S, Benzehra A, Boudjemaa K, Barkou H, Karaca I (2019) Efficacy of Turkish isolate of Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) in controlling the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae), under laboratory conditions. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 29:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-019-0162-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chueca P, Montón H, Ripollés JL, Castañera P, Moltó E, Urbaneja A (2007) Spinosad bait treatments as alternative to malathion to control the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata,(Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Mediterranean Basin. J Pestic Sci. https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chueca P, Garcerá C, Urbaneja A, Moltó E (2013) A new mechanised cultural practice to reduce Ceratitis capitata Wied. populations in area-wide IPM. Span J Agric Res 11:1129–1136. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2013114-4585

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clausi M, Longo A, Rappazzo G, Tarasco E, Vinciguerra MT (2011) Steinernema vulcanicum n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode species from Sicily (Italy). Nematology 13:409–423. https://doi.org/10.1163/138855410X526868

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Copeland RS, Wharton RA, Luke Q, De Meyer M (2002) Indigenous hosts of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Kenya. Ann Entomol Soc Am 95:672–694. https://doi.org/10.1603/0013-8746(2002)095[0672:IHOCCD]2.0.CO;2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coronado-Gonzalez PA, Vijaysegaran S, Robinson AS (2008) Functional morphology of the mouthparts of the adult Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata. J Insect Sci. https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-in371-2001

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Couso-Ferrer F, Arouri R, Beroiz B, Perera N, Cervera A, Navarro-Llopis V, Castañera P, Hernández-Crespo P, Ortego F (2011) Cross-resistance to insecticides in a malathion-resistant strain of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). J Econ Entomol 104:1349–1356. https://doi.org/10.1603/EC11082

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D’Aquino S, Cocco A, Ortu S, Schirra M (2011) Effects of kaolin-based particle film to control Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) infestations and postharvest decay in citrus and stone fruit. Crop Prot 30:1079–1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.03.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Da Silva WJ, Pilz-Júnior HL, Heermann R, da Silva OS (2020) The great potential of entomopathogenic bacteria Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus for mosquito control: a review. Parasites Vectors 13:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04236-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Meyer M, Freidberg A (2006) Revision of the subgenus Ceratitis (Pterandrus) Bezzi (Diptera: tephritidae). Israel J Entomol 36:197–315

    Google Scholar 

  • De Minas RS, Dolinski C, da Silva Carvalho R, de Souza RM (2011) Controle biológico da mosca-do-mediterrâneo Ceratitis capitata utilizando nematoides entomopatogênicos em laboratório. Sci Agrar 12:115–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Delrio G, Cocco A (20120 Integrated control of citrus pests in the Mediterranean region. Integrated Control of Citrus Pests in the Mediterranean Region. Bentham Science Publishers, Italy, pp 206–222

  • Demirel N (2007) Behavior paradigms in the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann). J Entomol 4:129–135

    Google Scholar 

  • Demirel N (2019) Efficacy of various attractants to Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae) on persimmon fruits in Turkey. Fresenius Environ Bull 28:5390–5397

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demirel N, Akyol E (2017) Evaluation of mass trapping for control of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae) in Satsuma mandarin in Hatay province of Turkey. Int J Environ Agric Res 3:32–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Demirel N, Çardak M (2021) Seasonal population fluctuations and damage rates of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on pomegranate orchards in Osmaniye Province. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 24:171–176. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.744349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deschepper P, Todd TN, Virgilio M, De Meyer M, Barr NB, Ruiz-Arce R (2021) Looking at the big picture: worldwide population structure and range expansion of the cosmopolitan pest Ceratitis capitata (Diptera, Tephritidae). Biol Invasions 23:3529–3543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02595-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Desneux N, Decourtye A, Delpuech J-M (2007) The sublethal effects of pesticides on beneficial arthropods. Annu Rev Entomol 52:81–106

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Devi G (2018) Mass production of entomopathogenic nematodes: a review. Int J Environ Agric Biotechnol. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/3.3.41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diamantidis AD, Papadopoulos NT, Carey JR (2008) Medfly populations differ in diel and age patterns of sexual signalling. Entomol Exp Appl 128:389–397. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00730.x

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Dias NP, Montoya P, Nava DE (2022) A 30-year systematic review reveals success in tephritid fruit fly biological control research. Entomol Exp Appl 170:370–384. https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Didiza L, Lephoto TE, Gray VM (2021) Morphological and molecular phylogenetic description of Steinernema batswanae n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae): a new species of an entomopathogenic nematode from South Africa. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot Sci 54:1603–1616. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2021.1931648

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dionysopoulou NK, Papanastasiou SA, Kyritsis GA, Papadopoulos N (2020) Effect of host fruit, temperature and Wolbachia infection on survival and development of Ceratitis capitata immature stages. PLoS ONE 15:e0229727. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229727

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Dowds BC, Peters A (2002) Virulence mechanisms. In: Gaugler R (ed) Entomopathogenic nematology. CABI publishing, Wallingford, pp 79–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyck VA, Hendrichs J, Robinson AS (2021) Sterile insect technique: principles and practice in area-wide integrated pest management. Taylor & Francis, Vienna

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhard WG (1999) Sexual behavior and sexual selection in the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Dacinae: Ceratitidini). In: Press C (ed) Fruit Flies (Tephritidae). Taylor & Francis, pp 477–508

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekesi S, Dimbi S, Maniania N (2007) The role of entomopathogenic fungi in the integrated management of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) with emphasis on species occurring in Africa. Use of entomopathogenic fungi in biological pest management. Research Signpost, Trivandrum, India, pp 239–274

  • El Keroumi A, Naamani K, Dahbi A, Luque I, Carvajal A, Cerda X, Boulay R (2010) Effect of ant predation and abiotic factors on the mortality of medfly larvae, Ceratitis capitata, in the Argan forest of Western Morocco. Biocontrol Sci Technol 20:751–762. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583151003734651

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elaini R, Mazih A (2018) Current Status and Future Prospects of Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) control in Morocco. J Entomol 15:47. https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2018.47.55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El-Ashry RM, Eldeeb A (2022) Susceptibility of Ceratitis capitate (Wiedemann) to native and imported entomopathogenic nematodes and compatibility with abamectin and fenamiphos. Egypt Acad J Biol Sci F Toxicol Pest Control 13:317–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Elbrense H, Elmasry AM, Seleiman MF, Al-Harbi MS, Abd El-Raheem AM (2021) Can symbiotic bacteria (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus) be more efficient than their entomopathogenic nematodes against Pieris rapae and Pentodon algerinus larvae? Biology 10:999. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10100999

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Elekçioğlu NZ (2013) Fruit flies of economic importance in Turkey, with special reference to Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.). Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi 6:33–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Elhadidy NM, Badr FA, Azzazy A (2021) Potential and bio-chemical effects of Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) an entomopathogenic nematode against Bactrocera zonata and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) تأثيرات الفاعلية والبيوکيميائية للنيماتودا الممرضة للحشرات على ذبابة فاکهة البحر الابيض المتوسط وذبابة ثمار الخوخ. J Plant Prot Pathol 12:725–732. https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2021.205746

  • Elimem M, Harbi A, Limem-Sellemi E, Rouz S, Chahed K, Bouchkara MA, Chermiti B, Jammezi A (2021) Improving Ceratitis capitata control through the mass trapping technique in an IPM programme on apricots in Tunisia. Plant Prot Sci 57:318–325. https://doi.org/10.17221/13/2021-PPS

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Enkerlin W, Mumford J (1997) Economic evaluation of three alternative methods for control of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Israel, Palestinian territories, and Jorda. J Econ Entomol 90:1066–1072. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/90.5.1066

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eskafi FM, Kolbe MM (1990) Predation on larval and pupal Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) by the ant Solenopsis geminata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and other predators in Guatemala. Environ Entomol 19:148–153. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/19.1.148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fahad K, Gmira N, Benziane T, Sekkat A (2014) Etude de la bio-écologie de la mouche méditerranéenne des fruits Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (1824) sur rosacées dans la région de Sefrou (Maroc). Entomologie Faunistique-Faunistic Entomology 67:85–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Fallik E, Perzelan Y, Alkalai-Tuvia S, Nemny-Lavy E, Nestel D (2012) Development of cold quarantine protocols to arrest the development of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit after harvest. Postharvest Biol Technol 70:7–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2012.03.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fayyaz S, Yan X, Qiu L, Han R, Gulsher M, Khanum TA, Javed S (2014) A new entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema bifurcatum n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Nematology 16:821–836. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002811

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feron M (1967) Etudes sur la mouche mediterraneenne des fruits·en tunisie. Proceedings of a Panel, Vienna, pp 83

  • Ferreira T, Malan A (2014) Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, bacterial symbionts of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema and Heterorhabditis and their in vitro liquid mass culture: a review. Afr Entomol 22:1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Feyisa B (2021) Plant pathology & microbiology a review on the role of entomopathoenic nematodes (EPNs) in control-ling agricultural insect pest. J Plant Pathol Microbiol 12:583

    Google Scholar 

  • Forst S, Clarke D (2002) Bacteria-nematode symbiosis. In: Gaugler R (ed) Entomopathogenic nematology. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp 57–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraĭkin GI, Rubin L (1980) Effect of near ultraviolet light on microorganisms. Izvestiia Akademii nauk SSSR. Seriia biologicheskaia. pp 370–379

  • Frías D, Hernández-Ortiz V, Vaccaro N, Bartolucci A, Salles L (2006) Comparative morphology of immature stages of some frugivorous species of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Isr J Entomol 36:423–457

    Google Scholar 

  • Frías D, Selivon D, Hernández-Ortiz V (2008) Taxonomy of immature stages: new morphological characters for Tephritidae larvae identification. Fruit Flies of Economic Importance from Basic to Applied Knowledge. In: Proceedings of the 7th international symposium on fruit flies of economic importance, Bahía, Brazil, Salvador, Brazil, pp 29–44

  • Fu Jr, Liu Qz (2019) Evaluation and entomopathogenicity of gut bacteria associated with dauer juveniles of Oscheius chongmingensis (Nematoda: Rhabditidae). Microbiologyopen 8:e00823

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Fukuto TR (1990) Mechanism of action of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides. Environ Health Perspect 87:245–254

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gasparich GE, Silva JG, Han H-Y, Mcpheron BA, Steck GJ, Sheppard W (1997) Population genetic structure of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) and implications for worldwide colonization patterns. Ann Entomol Soc Am 90:790–797. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/90.6.790

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gasperi G, Bonizzoni M, Gomulski L, Murelli V, Torti C, Malacrida A, Guglielmino C (2002) Genetic differentiation, gene flow and the origin of infestations of the medfly, Ceratitis capitata. Genetica 116:125–135. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020971911612

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gasperi G, Malacrida A, Milani R, Guglielmino C (1990) Electrophoretic multilocus analysis for the study of natural populations of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.). Genetic sexing of the Mediterranean fruit fly, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria

  • Gazit Y, Akiva R (2017) Toxicity of malathion and spinosad to Bactrocera zonata and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Florida Entomol 100:385–389

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gazit Y, Rossler Y, Glazer I (2000) Evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). Biocontrol Sci Technol 10:157–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583150029297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gazit Y, Akiva R, Gavriel S (2014) Cold tolerance of the Mediterranean fruit fly in date and mandarin. J Econ Entomol 107:1745–1750. https://doi.org/10.1603/EC14050

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ghabbari M, Guarino S, Caleca V, Saiano F, Sinacori M, Baser N, Mediouni-Ben Jemâa J, Lo Verde G (2018) Behavior-modifying and insecticidal effects of plant extracts on adults of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera Tephritidae). J Pest Sci 91:907–917. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-0952-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser R, Fox H (1930) A nematode parasite of the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newm.). Science 71:16–17. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.71.1827.16.c

    Article  CAS  PubMed  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser R (1932) Studies on Neoaplectana glaseri, a nematode parasite of the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica). New Jersey Department of Agriculture Circular. 211, 3–24

  • Godjo A, Afouda L, Baimey H, Couvreur M, Zadji L, Houssou G, Bert W, Willems A, Decraemer W (2019) Steinernema kandii n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from northern Benin. Nematology 21:107–128. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldshtein E, Cohen Y, Hetzroni A, Gazit Y, Timar D, Rosenfeld L, Grinshpon Y, Hoffman A, Mizrach A (2017) Development of an automatic monitoring trap for Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) to optimize control applications frequency. Comput Electron Agric 139:115–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2017.04.022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorgadze OA, Ivanova ES, Lortkhipanidze MG, Spiridonov SE (2016) Redescription of Steinernema thesami Gorgadze, 1988 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from Georgia. Russ J Nematol 24:17–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Gözel Ç, Hanife G (2021) Implementing local entomopathogenic nematodes to control Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Turk J Entomol 45:389–396. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.970210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grewal PS, Nardo EAD, Aguillera MM (2001) Entomopathogenic nematodes: potential for exploration and use in South America. Neotrop Entomol 30:191–205. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2001000200001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grout TG, Stoltz KC (2014) Developmental rates at constant temperatures of three economically important Ceratitis spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Southern Africa. Environ Entomol 36:1310–1317. https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225X(2007)36[1310:DRACTO]2.0.CO;2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grout TG, Stephen PR, Rison J-L (2018) Cyantraniliprole can replace malathion in baits for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Crop Prot 112:304–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2018.06.018

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hafsi A, Abbes K, Harbi A, Chermiti B (2020a) Field efficacy of commercial food attractants for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) mass trapping and their impacts on non-target organisms in peach orchards. Crop Prot 128:104989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2019.104989

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hafsi A, Rahmouni R, Ben Othman S, Abbes K, Elimem M, Chermiti B (2020b) Mass trapping and bait station techniques as alternative methods for IPM of Ceratitis capitata Wiedmann (Diptera: Tephritidae) in citrus orchards. Orient Insects 54:285–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2019.1623133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hagen K, Allen W, Tassan R (1981) Mediterranean fruit fly: the worst may be yet to come. Calif Agric 35:5–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallouti A, Zahidi A, Bouharroud R, El Mousadik A, Ait Ben Aoumar A, Boubaker H (2017) Diversity of entomopathogenic fungi in Argane forest soil and their potential to manage Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata). Pharm Pharmacol 5:2328–2350

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammad S (2014) Virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes to Ceratitis capitata (wied.) (Diptera: Tephritidae). J Prod Dev 19:199–214. https://doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2014.42633

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harter WR, Botton M, Nava DE, Grutzmacher AD, da Silva Gonçalves R, Junior RM, Bernardi D, Zanardi OZ (2015) Toxicities and residual effects of toxic baits containing spinosad or malathion to control the adult Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae). Florida Entomol 98:202–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazir S, Kaya HK, Stock SP, Keskin N (2003) Entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) for biological control of soil pests. Turk J Biol 27:181–202

    Google Scholar 

  • Hussaini S (2014) Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes in integrated pest management. In: Press EA (ed) Integrated pest management. Elsevier, San Diego, pp 193–223

    Google Scholar 

  • Jallouli W, Abdelkefi-Mesrati L, Tounsi S, Jaoua S, Zouari N (2013) Potential of Photorhabdus temperata K122 bioinsecticide in protecting wheat flour against Ephestia kuehniella. J Stored Prod Res 53:61–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2013.03.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James M, Malan AP, Addison P (2018) Surveying and screening South African entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Crop Prot 105:41–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2017.11.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jean-Baptiste MC, de Brida AL, Bernardi D, da Costa Dias S, de Bastos Pazini J, Leite LG, Wilcken SRS, Garcia FRM (2021) Effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes against Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) pupae and nematode compatibility with chemical insecticides. J Econ Entomol 114:248–256. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa301

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kapranas A, Chronopoulou A, Lytra IC, Peters A, Milonas PG, Papachristos DP (2021) Efficacy and residual activity of commercially available entomopathogenic nematode strains for Mediterranean fruit fly control and their ability to infect infested fruits. Pest Manag Sci 77:3964–3969. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6416

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kapranas A, Chronopoulou A, Peters A, Antonatos S, Lytra I, Milonas P, Papachristos D (2022) Early and off-season biological control of medfly with entomopathogenic nematodes: from laboratory experiments to successful field trials. Available at SSRN 4157085. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4157085

  • Karagoz M, Gulcu B, Hazir C, Kaya HK, Hazir S (2009) Biological control potential of Turkish entomopathogenic nematodes against the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. Phytoparasitica 37:153–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-008-0020-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karsten M, van Vuuren BJ, Barnaud A, Terblanche JS (2013) Population genetics of Ceratitis capitata in South Africa: implications for dispersal and pest management. PLoS ONE 8:e54281. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054281

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaya HK, Gaugler R (1993) Entomopathogenic nematodes. Annu Rev Entomol 38:181–206. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.38.010193.001145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaya HK, Koppenhöfer AM (1996) Effects of microbial and other antagonistic organism and competition on entomopathogenic nematodes. Biocontrol Sci Technol 6:357–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583159631334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kepenekci I, Susurluk A (2006) Infectivity of two Turkish isolates of Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against Rhagoletis cerasi and Ceratitis capitata. Nematologia Mediterranea

  • Kheder SB, Trabelsi I, Aouadi N (2012) From chemicals to IPM against the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera, Tephritidae). Integrated Pest Management Pest Control–Current Future Tactics Larramendy, ML, Soloneski, S., Eds. pp 301–320

  • Knipling E (1985) Sterile insect technique as a screwworm control measure: the concept and its development. In: Symposium on eradication of the screwworm from the United States and Mexico. Misc Pub Entomol Soc Am, pp 4–7

  • König S, Steinmöller S, Baufeld P (2022) Origin and potential for overwintering of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) captured in an official survey in Germany. J Plant Diseases 129:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-022-00605-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konstantopoulou M, Mazomenos B (2005) Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana and B. brongniartii strains and four wild-type fungal species against adults of Bactrocera oleae and Ceratitis capitata. Biocontrol 50:293–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-004-0458-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koppenhöfer AM, Shapiro-Ilan DI, Hiltpold I (2020) Entomopathogenic nematodes in sustainable food production. Front Sustain Food Syst 4:125. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.00125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kouloussis NA, Mavraganis VG, Damos P, Ioannou CS, Bempelou E, Koveos DS, Papadopoulos NT (2022) Trapping of Ceratitis capitata using the low-cost and non-toxic attractant biodelear. Agronomy 12:525. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020525

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar D, Kumari P, Kamboj R, Kumar A, Banakar P, Kumar V (2022) Entomopathogenic nematodes as potential and effective biocontrol agents against cutworms, Agrotis spp.: present and future scenario. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 32:42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-022-00543-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumari B, Sujata S, Kanwar R (2022) Use of entomopathogenic nematodes in recent trends: A. Pharma Innov J 11:30–38

    Google Scholar 

  • La Brecque G (1982) Helping eradicate the medfly from Mexico. IAEA Bulletin Supplement. 26–29

  • Labaude S, Griffin CT (2018) Transmission success of entomopathogenic nematodes used in pest control. Insects 9:72. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects9020072

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lacey LA, Georgis R (2012) Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of insect pests above and below ground with comments on commercial production. J Nematol 44:218

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lacey LA, Arthurs SP, Unruh TR, Headrick H, Fritts R Jr (2006) Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apple and pear orchards: effect of nematode species and seasonal temperatures, adjuvants, application equipment, and post-application irrigation. Biol Control 37:214–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.09.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis EE, Clarke DJ (2012) Nematode parasites and entomopathogens. Insect pathology. Elsevier, pp 395–424

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis EE, Campbell J, Griffin C, Kaya H, Peters A (2006) Behavioral ecology of entomopathogenic nematodes. Biol Control 38:66–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.11.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindegren JE, Vail PV (1986) Susceptibility of Mediterranean fruit fly, melon fly, and oriental fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to the entomogenous nematode Steinernema feltiae in laboratory tests. Environ Entomol 15:465–468. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/15.3.465

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindegren J, Wong T, McInnis D (1990) Response of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to the entomogenous nematode Steinernema feltiae in field tests in Hawaii. Environ Entomol 19:383–386. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/19.2.383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liquido N, Cunningham RT, Nakagawa S (1990) Host plants of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) on the Island of Hawaii (1949–1985 survey). J Econ Entomol 83:1863–1878. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/83.5.1863

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liquido NJ, Mcquate GT, Hanlin MA, Suiter KA (2017) Host plants of the mediterranean fruit fly, ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), version 3.5. USDA CPHST Online Database. https://coffhi.cphst.org/

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lis M, Sajnaga E, Skowronek M, Wiater A, Rachwał K, Kazimierczak W (2021) S n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Poland. J Nematol 53:1–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Lo Verde G, Caleca V, Lo Verde V (2011) The use of kaolin to control Ceratitis capitata in organic citrus groves. Bull Insectol 64:127–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Losch (1916) Life history of the mediterranean fruit fly from the standpoint of parasite introduction (Lebensge-schichte der Obstfliege der Mittelmeerländer vom Standpunkt der Einschleppung von Parasiten). JSTOR, Washington, pp 363–374

  • Loulou A, M’saad Guerfali M, Muller A, Bhat AH, Abolafia J, Machado RA, Kallel S (2022) Potential of Oscheius tipulae nematodes as biological control agents against Ceratitis capitata. PLoS ONE 17:e0269106

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Loulou A, Mastore M, Caramella S, Bhat AH, Brivio MF, Machado RA, Kallel S (2023) Entomopathogenic potential of bacteria associated with soil-borne nematodes and insect immune responses to their infection. PLoS ONE 18:e0280675

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lysandrou M (2009) Fruit flies in the mediterranean and Arab world: how serious a threat are they and how can we minimize their impact. Arab J Plant Prot 27:236–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Magaña C, Hernández-Crespo P, Ortego F, Castañera P (2007) Resistance to malathion in field populations of Ceratitis capitata. J Econ Entomol 100:1836–1843. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/100.6.1836

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maitland DP (1992) Locomotion by jumping in the Mediterranean fruit-fly larva Ceratitis capitata. Nature 355:159–161

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Malacrida AR, Guglielmino CR, Gasperi G, Baruffi L, Milani R (1992) Spatial and temporal differentiation in colonizing populations of Ceratitis capitata. Heredity 69:101–111. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1992.102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malacrida A, Gomulski L, Bonizzoni M, Bertin S, Gasperi G, Guglielmino Ca (2007) Globalization and fruitfly invasion and expansion: the medfly paradigm. Genetica 131:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-006-9117-2

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malan AP, Manrakhan A (2009) Susceptibility of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) and the Natal fruit fly (Ceratitis rosa) to entomopathogenic nematodes. J Invertebr Pathol 100:47–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2008.09.007

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mandour NS, Abd El-Motaal DS, Nouh GM, Sarhan A, El-Basha NA (2021) Infectivity, production and host finding of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HP88 and Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev) against Ceratitis capitata. J Appl Plant Prot 10:103–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Manrakhan A, Daneel JH, Beck R, Love CN, Gilbert MJ, Virgilio M, De Meyer M (2021) Effects of male lure dispensers and trap types for monitoring of Ceratitis capitata and Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae). Pest Manag Sci 77:2219–2230. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6246

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Margaritis LH (1985) Comparative study of the eggshell of the fruit flies Dacus oleae and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Trypetidae). Can J Zool 63:2194–2206. https://doi.org/10.1139/z85-324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez-Ferrer M, Campos J, Fibla J (2012) Field efficacy of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) mass trapping technique on clementine groves in Spain. J Appl Entomol 136:181–190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2011.01628.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayo I, Garrido A, Muñiz M, Robles-Chillida E (1989) Ultraestructura del pupario de Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae). Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal Plagas 15:143–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Medeiros A, Oliveira L, Garcia P (2007) Suitability as Medfly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera, Tephritidae) hosts, of seven fruit species growing on the island of São Miguel. Azores Life Mar Sci 24:33–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Medina P, Corrales E, González-Nuñez M, Smagghe G, Viñuela E (2008) Effects of Beauveria bassiana, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis and Steinernema feltiae on the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata and the very sensitive braconid Psyttalia concolor in the lab. Pestic Benef Org IOBC/WPRS Bull 35:113–121

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer M (2000) Systematic revision of the subgenus Ceratitis MacLeay ss. (Diptera, Tephritidae). Zool J Linn Soc 128:439–467. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb01523.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Minas RdS, Souza RM, Dolinski C, Carvalho RdS, Burla RdS (2016) Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) to control Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) soil stages. Nematoda. https://doi.org/10.4322/nematoda.02016

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mokrini F, Laasli S-E, Benseddik Y, Joutei AB, Blenzar A, Lakhal H, Sbaghi M, Imren M, Özer G, Paulitz T (2020) Potential of Moroccan entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). Sci Rep 10:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76170-7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Molina CA, Caña-Roca JF, Osuna A, Vilchez S (2010) Selection of a Bacillus pumilus strain highly active against Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) larvae. Appl Environ Microbiol 76:1320–1327. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01624-09

    Article  CAS  PubMed  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Montoya P, Cancino J, Zenil M, Gómez E, Villaseñor A (2005) Parasitoid releases in the control of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) outbreaks, in coffee growing zones of Chiapas, Mexico. Vedalia 12:85–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Monzó C, Sabater-Muñoz B, Urbaneja A, Castañera P (2011) The ground beetle Pseudophonus rufipes revealed as predator of Ceratitis capitata in citrus orchards. Biol Control 56:17–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.09.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monzó C, Mollá-Hernández Ó, Montón H, Urbaneja A, Castanera P (2007) Artrópodos depredadores potenciales de Ceratitis capitata presentes en el suelo de los cítricos. Levante Agrícola: Revista internacional de cítricos. 152–156

  • Mosson HJ, Short JE, Schenkerb R, Edwardsa JP (1995) The effects of the insect growth regulator lufenuron on Oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis, and German cockroach, Blattella germanica, populations in simulated domestic environments. Pestic Sci 45:237–246. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780450307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mostefaoui O, Sekour M, Balmès V, Ben Halima Kamel M (2020) Emergence de Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) sur culture protégée de piment (Solanaceae) en zone subsaharienne (Algérie). EPPO Bull 50:572–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Navarro P, McMullen J II, Stock S (2014) Interactions between the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis sonorensis (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) and the saprobic fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). J Invertebr Pathol 115:41–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2013.10.018

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Navarro-Llopis V, Sanchis-Cabanes J, Ayala I, Casaña-Giner V, Primo-Yúfera E (2004) Efficacy of lufenuron as chemosterilant against Ceratitis capitata in field trials. Pest Manag Sci 60:914–920. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.902

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Navarro-Llopis V, Sanchis J, Primo-Millo J, Primo-Yúfera E (2007) Chemosterilants as control agents of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in field trials. Bull Entomol Res 97:359–368. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485307005081

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Navarro-Llopis V, Primo J, Vacas S (2013) Efficacy of attract-and-kill devices for the control of Ceratitis capitata. Pest Manag Sci 69:478–482. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3393

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen KB, Smart GC Jr (1994) Neosteinernema longicurvicauda n. gen., n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a parasite of the termite Reticuldermes flavipes (Koller). J Nematol 26:162

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Noguez JH, Conner ES, Zhou Y, Ciche TA, Ragains JR, Butcher RA (2012) A novel ascaroside controls the parasitic life cycle of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. ACS Chem Biol 7:961–966. https://doi.org/10.1021/cb300056q

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Noujeim E, Sakr J, Fanelli E, Troccoli A, Tarasco E, De Luca F (2016) Phylogenetic relationships of entomopathogenic nematodes and their bacterial symbionts from coastal areas in Lebanon. J Redia Giornale Zool 99:127

    Google Scholar 

  • Nurashikin-Khairuddin W, Abdul-Hamid SNA, Mansor MS, Bharudin I, Othman Z, Jalinas J (2022) A review of entomopathogenic nematodes as a biological control agent for red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Insects 13:245. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13030245

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ogier J-C, Akhurst R, Boemare N, Gaudriault S (2023) The endosymbiont and the second bacterial circle of entomopathogenic nematodes. Trends Microbiol 31(6):P629–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2023.01.004

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Omoloye AA, Oladapo OG, Ibitoye O, Alabi OY (2016) Effects of field attack by Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) on the morphology and nutritional quality fresh fruit of Citrus sinensis L. Afr J Agric Res 11:967–973

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ordax M, Piquer-Salcedo JE, Santander RD, Sabater-Munoz B, Biosca EG, López MM, Marco-Noales E (2015) Medfly Ceratitis capitata as potential vector for fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora: survival and transmission. PLoS ONE 10:e0127560. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127560

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ortu S, Cocco A, Dau R (2009) Evaluation of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040 for the management of Ceratitis capitata. Bull Insectol 62:245–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovruski S (1994) Immature stages of Aganaspis pelleranoi (Brethes) (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Eucoilidae), a parasitoid of Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) and Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae). J Hymenopt Res 3:233–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovruski S, Schliserman P, Aluja M (2003) Native and introduced host plants of Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Northwestern Argentina. J Econ Entomol 96:1108–1118. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/96.4.1108

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paniagua Voirol LR, Frago E, Kaltenpoth M, Hilker M, Fatouros NE (2018) Bacterial symbionts in Lepidoptera: their diversity, transmission, and impact on the host. Front Microbiol 9:556

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Papadopoulos N, Katsoyannos B (2003) Field parasitism of Ceratitis capitata larvae by Aganaspis daci in Chios, Greece. Biocontrol 48:191–195. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022651306249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Papadopoulos NT, Katsoyannos BI, Kouloussis NA, Hendrichs J, Carey JR, Heath RR (2001) Early detection and population monitoring of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in a mixed-fruit orchard in northern Greece. J Econ Entomol 94:971–978. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-94.4.971

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Papadopoulos NT (2008) Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). In: Entomology Eo (Ed). Springer, Dordrecht, pp 2318–2322

  • Paraiso O, Hight SD, Kairo MT, Bloem S (2011) Egg parasitoids attacking Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in north Florida. Florida Entomol 94:81–90. https://doi.org/10.1653/024.094.0111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peñarrubia ME (2010) Biology studies and improvement of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) mass trapping control technique. Universitat de Lleida, School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, Lérida, p 208

    Google Scholar 

  • Plá I, García de Oteyza J, Tur C, Martínez MÁ, Laurín MC, Alonso E, Martínez M, Martín Á, Sanchis R, Navarro MC (2021) Sterile insect technique programme against Mediterranean fruit fly in the Valencian community (Spain). Insects 12:415. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12050415

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Podoler H (1981) Dirhinus Giffardii Silvestri (Hym.; Chalcididae) as a parasite of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis Capitata (Wiedemann)(Dip.: Tephritidae) I. Some Biol Stud 2:255–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Poinar Jr, G., O 1990. Taxonomy and biology of Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae. Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control. 54.

  • Poinar G, Hislop R (1981) Mortality of Mediterranean fruit-fly adults (Ceratitis-Capitata) from parasitic nematodes (Neoaplectana and Heterorhabditis spp.). Ircs Med Sci-Biochem 9:641–641

    Google Scholar 

  • Poinar GO Jr, Thomas GM (1965) A new bacterium, Achromobacter nematophilus sp. nov. (Achromobacteriaceae: Eubacteriales) associated with a nematode. Int J System Evolut Microbiol 15:249–252. https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-15-4-249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prokopy RJ, Ziegler JR, Wong TT (1978) Deterrence of repeated oviposition by fruit-marking pheromone in Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). J Chem Ecol 4:55–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988260

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qessaoui R, Boutjagualt I, Walters SA, Bouamair A, Tahiri A, Ait Aabd N, Elaini R, Bouharroud R (2022) Pathogenicity of Rhizobateria Pseudomonas against Ceratitis Capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). Phytoparasitica 50:889–899. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-022-01017-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qin Y, Paini DR, Wang C, Fang Y, Li Z (2015) Global establishment risk of economically important fruit fly species (Tephritidae). PLoS ONE 10:e0116424. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116424

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Quesada-Moraga E, Ruiz-García A, Santiago-Alvarez C (2006) Laboratory evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against puparia and adults of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). J Econ Entomol 99:1955–1966. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/99.6.1955

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quilici S, Gueguen S, Nergel L (1999) Response of mature female mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae) to combinations of visual and olfactory stimuli in field cages. In: 3rd meeting of the working group on fruit flies of the western hemisphere. MAGA, Guatemala

  • Raga A, Sato ME (2011) Toxicity of neonicotinoids to Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae). J Plant Prot Res 51:413–419. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10045-011-0068-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman T, Broughton S (2016) Evaluation of thiacloprid and clothianidin (neonicotinoids) as alternative to fenthion (organophosphate) for control of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in deciduous fruit orchards. Crop Prot 90:170–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.09.001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raspi A, Canale A (2000) Effect of superparasitism on Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera Tephritidae) second instar larvae by Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti)(Hymenoptera Braconidae). Redia 83:123–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricalde MP, Nava DE, Loeck AE, Donatti MG (2012) Temperature-dependent development and survival of Brazilian populations of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, from tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. J Insect Sci 12:33. https://doi.org/10.1673/031.012.3301

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rohde C, Moino A Jr, da Silva MA, Carvalho FD, Ferreira CS (2010) Influence of soil temperature and moisture on the infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae, Steinernematidae) against larvae of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae). Neotrop Entomol 39:608–611. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2010000400022

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rohde C, Junior AM, Carvalho FD, da Silva MA (2012a) Selection of entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias 7:797–802

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohde C, Junior AM, da Silva MAT, Carvalho FD (2012b) Effect of Heterorhabditis sp. and Steinernema carpocapsae applied in different periods of soil infestation with larvae of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae). Appl Res Agrotechnol 5:79–84. https://doi.org/10.5777/paet.v5i3.1647

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rohde C, Junior AM, Krupa P, de Oliveira Ramalho KR (2013) Compatibility of entomopathogenic nematodes and aqueous plant extracts aiming at the control of fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Semina Ciências Agrárias 34:1033–1042

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohde C, Moino Júnior A, Silva PK, Ramalho, K.R.d.O., (2013b) Effect of aqueous plant extracts on the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae). Arq Inst Biol 80:407–415. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1808-16572013000400006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rohde C, Mertz NR, Junior AM (2020) Entomopathogenic nematodes on control of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). Rev Caatinga 33:974–984. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n412rc

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz-Arce R, Todd TN, Deleon R, Barr NB, Virgilio M, De Meyer M, McPheron BA (2020) Worldwide phylogeography of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) using mitochondrial DNA. J Econ Entomol 113:1455–1470. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa024

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sajnaga E, Kazimierczak W (2020) Evolution and taxonomy of nematode-associated entomopathogenic bacteria of the genera Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus: an overview. Symbiosis 80:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-019-00660-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salvadori JDM, Defferrari MS, Ligabue-Braun R, Lau EY, Salvadori JR, Carlini CR (2012) Characterization of entomopathogenic nematodes and symbiotic bacteria active against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and contribution of bacterial urease to the insecticidal effect. Biol Control 63:253–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.08.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samri S, Baz M, Ghalbane I, El Messoussi S, Zitouni A, El Meziane A, Barakate M (2017) Insecticidal activity of a Moroccan strain of Streptomyces phaeochromogenes LD-37 on larvae, pupae and adults of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Bull Entomol Res 107:217–224

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez G, Murúa F, Suárez L, Van Nieuwenhove G, Taret G, Pantano V, Bilbao M, Schliserman P, Ovruski SM (2016) Augmentative releases of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) control in a fruit-growing region of Argentina. Biol Control 103:101–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2016.08.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schetelig MF, Caceres C, Zacharopoulou A, Franz G, Wimmer EA (2009) Conditional embryonic lethality to improve the sterile insect technique in Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). BMC Biol 7:1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Sciarretta A, Trematerra P (2011) Spatio-temporal distribution of Ceratitis capitata population in a heterogeneous landscape in Central Italy. J Appl Entomol 135:241–251. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01515.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sciarretta A, Tabilio MR, Lampazzi E, Ceccaroli C, Colacci M, Trematerra P (2018) Analysis of the Mediterranean fruit fly [Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)] spatio-temporal distribution in relation to sex and female mating status for precision IPM. PLoS ONE 13:e0195097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195097

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro DI, McCoy CW (2000) Virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes to Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the laboratory. J Econ Entomol 93:1090–1095. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-93.4.1090

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro-ilan DI, Gardner WA, Fuxa JR, Wood BW, Nguyen KB, Adams BJ, Humber RA, Hall MJ (2003) Survey of entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi endemic to pecan orchards of the Southeastern United States and their virulence to the pecan weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Environ Entomol 32:187–195. https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225X-32.1.187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro-Ilan DI, Hazir S, Lete L (2015) Viability and virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes exposed to ultraviolet radiation. J Nematol 47:184

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma MP, Sharma AN, Hussaini SS (2011) Entomopathogenic nematodes, a potential microbial biopesticide: mass production and commercialisation status: a mini review. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot Sci 44:855–870. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235400903345315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma A, Kumar V, Shahzad B, Tanveer M, Sidhu GPS, Handa N, Kohli SK, Yadav P, Bali AS, Parihar RD (2019) Worldwide pesticide usage and its impacts on ecosystem. SN Appl Sci 1:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1485-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H, Rana A, Bhat AH, Chaubey AK (2021) Entomopathogenic nematodes: their characterization, bio-control properties and new perspectives. Nematodes-recent advances, management and new perspectives. IntechOpen

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaurub E, Soliman N, Hashem A, Abdel-Rahman A (2015) Infectivity of four entomopathogenic nematodes in relation to environmental factors and their effects on the biochemistry of the Medfly Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Neotrop Entomol 44:610–618. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-015-0332-3

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaurub E-SH, Soliman NA, Sabbour MM (2021) Development of the soil-inhabiting stages of Ceratitis capitata infected with entomopathogenic nematodes: insights on survival. Invertebr Reprod Dev 65:155–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1920482

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silvestri F (1913) Viaggio in Africa per cercare parassiti di mosche di frutti. Stabilimento Tipografico vesuvisno

  • Sirjani FO, Lewis EE, Kaya HK (2009) Evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes against the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae). Biol Control 48:274–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.11.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sivaramakrishnan S (2021) Entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria. Springer, Tamil Nadu

    Google Scholar 

  • Sivinski J, Jeronimo F, Holler T (2000) Development of aerial releases of Diachasmimorpha tryoni (Cameron)(Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid that attacks the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in the Guatemalan highlands. Biocontrol Sci Technol 10:15–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583150029341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soliman NA (2007a) Efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematodes; Steinernema riobravis Cabanillas and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (native strain) against the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) and the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Egypt J Biol Pest Control 17:77–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Soliman NA (2007b) Pathogenicity of three entomopathogenic nematodes to the peach fruit fly, Bacterocera zonata (Saunders) and the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae). Egypt J Biol Pest Control 17:121–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Soliman NA, El-Genaidy MA (2021) Toxicological and histological effects of Licorice Glycyrrhiza glabra L., roots aqueous extract on Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied. (Diptera: Tephritidae) under laboratory conditions. J Plant Prot Pathol 12:553–562

    Google Scholar 

  • Soliman N, Ibrahim A, El-Deen MS, Ramadan N, Farag S (2014) Entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi as bioControl agents for the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) and the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) soil borne-stages. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 24:497

    Google Scholar 

  • Soliman N, Al-amin SM, Mesbah AE, Ibrahim A, Mahmoud A (2020) Pathogenicity of three entomopathogenic fungi against the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)(Diptera: Tephritidae). Egypt J Biol Pest Control 30:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-00235-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sollai G, Solari P, Crnjar R (2018) Olfactory sensitivity to major, intermediate and trace components of sex pheromone in is related to mating and circadian rhythm Ceratitis capitata. J Insect Physiol 110:23–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2018.08.007

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stark JD, Vargas R, Miller N (2004) Toxicity of spinosad in protein bait to three economically important tephritid fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). J Econ Entomol 97:911–915. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/97.3.911

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steck GJ, Ekesi S (2015) Description of third instar larvae of Ceratitis fasciventris, C. anonae, C. rosa (FAR complex) and C. capitata (Diptera, Tephritidae). ZooKeys. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.540.10061

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Steiner G (1923) Aplectana kraussëi n. sp., eine in der blattwespe lyda sp. parasitierende nematodenform, nebst. bemerkungen über das seitenorgan der parasitischen nematoden. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. G. Fischer, pp 14–18

  • Stoetzel MB (1989) Common names of insects and related organisms. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, Maryland

    Google Scholar 

  • Stupp P, Rakes M, Martins LN, Piovesan B, da Costa Oliveira D, Contreras Miranda JA, do Prado Ribeiro L, Nava DE, Bernardi D (2020) Lethal and sublethal toxicities of acetogenin-based bioinsecticides on Ceratitis capitata and the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata. Phytoparasitica 48:477–489. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-020-00801-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suarez L, Murúa Bruna AF, Lara N, Escobar J, Tareti G, Rubio JL, Van Nieuwenhove GA, Bezdjian LP, Schliserman P, Ovruski Alderete SM (2014) Biological control of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Argentina: releases of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in fruit-producing semi-arid areas of San Juan. Nat Sci 6:664–675. https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2014.69066

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suday E, Billah M (2006) A field guide to the management of economically important tephritid fruit flies in Africa. ICIPE Science Press, Kenya

    Google Scholar 

  • Szyniszewska AM, Tatem A (2014) Global assessment of seasonal potential distribution of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). PLoS ONE 9:e111582. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111582

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Taher KS, Hassan FR (2023) first record of the entomopathogenic nematode Oscheius tipulae (lam and webster, 1971) in Iraq. J Duhok Univ 26:23–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas M, Heppner J, Woodruff R, Weems H, Steck G, Fasulo T. (2001) Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae). Fla Depart Agr Cons Serv, DPI. Entomol Cir. 214. https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-in371-2001

  • Thomas GM, Poinar GO Jr (1979) Xenorhabdus gen. nov., a genus of entomopathogenic, nematophilic bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Int J Syst Evolut Microbiol 29:352–360. https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-29-4-352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torres-Barragan A, Suazo A, Buhler WG, Cardoza YJ (2011) Studies on the entomopathogenicity and bacterial associates of the nematode Oscheius carolinensis. Biol Control 59:123–129

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsakireli D, Riga M, Kounadi S, Douris V, Vontas D (2019) Functional characterization of CYP6A51, a cytochrome P450 associated with pyrethroid resistance in the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. Pestic Biochem Physiol 157:196–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.03.022

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Umeh VC, Olaniyan AA, Ker J, Andir J (2004) Development of citrus fruit fly control strategies for small-holders in Nigeria. Fruits 59:265–274. https://doi.org/10.1051/fruits:2004025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Urbaneja A, Marí FG, Tortosa D, Navarro C, Vanaclocha P, Bargues L, Castañera P (2006) Influence of ground predators on the survival of the Mediterranean fruit fly pupae, Ceratitis capitata, in Spanish citrus orchards. Biocontrol 51:611–626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-005-2938-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vargas RL, Harris EJ, Nishida T (1983) Distribution and seasonal occurrence of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on the Island of Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands. Environ Entomol 12:303–310. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/12.2.303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vashisth S, Chandel Y, Sharma P (2013) Entomopathogenic nematodes-a review. Agric Rev 34(3):163–175. https://doi.org/10.5958/j.0976-0741.34.3.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vidal-Quist J, Castanera P, González-Cabrera J (2009) Diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from citrus orchards in Spain and evaluation of their insecticidal activity against Ceratitis capitata. J Microbiol Biotechnol 19:749–759. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.0810.595

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Voudouris CC, Mavridis K, Kalaitzaki A, Skouras PJ, Kati AN, Eliopoulos PA, Vontas J, Margaritopoulos JT (2018) Susceptibility of Ceratitis capitata to deltamethrin and spinosad in Greece. J Pest Sci 91:861–871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-017-0913-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang J, Bedding R (1996) Population development of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae in the larvae of Galleria mellonella. Fundam Appl Nematol 19:363–368

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster JM, Chen GenHui CG, Hu KaiJi HK, Li JianXiong LJ (2002) Bacterial metabolites. In: Gaugler R (ed) Entomopathogenic nematology. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp 99–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Weems Jr H (1981) Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Florida Department of Agriculture Consumer Services Division of Plant Industry. 230, pp 1–8

  • White IM, Elson-Harris MM (1992) Fruit flies of economic significance: their identification and bionomics. CAB International, Wallingford

    Google Scholar 

  • Whittier TS, Kaneshiro KY, Prescott LD (1992) Mating behavior of Mediterranean fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in a natural environment. Ann Entomol Soc Am 85:214–218. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/85.2.214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiedemann CRW (1824) Munus rectoris in Academia Christiana Albertina aditurus Analecta entomologica ex Museo Regio Havniens: maxime congesta profert iconibusque illustrat. eregio typoguapheo scholarum

  • Willard H (1920) Work and parasitism of the Mediterranean fruit fly in Hawaii during 1918. J Agric Res 18:441–446

    Google Scholar 

  • Wong TT, Ramadan M, McInnis D, Mochizuki N, Nishimoto J, Herr J (1991) Augmentative releases of Diachasmimorpha tryoni (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to suppress a Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) population in Kula, Maui, Hawaii. Biol Control 1:2–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/1049-9644(91)90094-G

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Woods B, Lacey IB, Brockway CA, Johnstone CP (2005) Hosts of Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Broome and the Broome Peninsula, Western Australia. Aust J Entomol 44:437–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.2005.00484.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright DJ, Perry RN (2002) Physiology and biochemistry. In: Gaugler R (ed) Entomopathogenic nematology. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp 145–168

    Google Scholar 

  • Yağcı M, Akdeniz Fırat T, Erdoğuş FD, Şahin M (2021) Virulence of four entomopathogenic nematode against different stages of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). Egypt J Biol Pest Control 31:1–5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00472-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yazid JB, Chafik Z, Bousamid A, Bibi I, Kharmach E-Z (2020a) Field efficacy of IPM with mass trapping technique to control the Medfly “Ceratitis capitata”(Diptera: Tephritidae) in citrus orchards of Moulouya perimeter in North-East of Morocco. 8, 621–631

  • Yazid JB, Chafik Z, Imane B, Bousamid A, Kharmach E-Z (2020b) Effect of proximity to Jujube (Ziziphus lotus and Ziziphus jujube) trees on medfly (Ceratitis capitata) populations in citrus orchards of Moulouya Perimeter. Moroccan J Agric Sci 1, 1:4. https://www.techagro.org/index.php/MJAS/article/view/863

  • Yusufoglu HS, Alqarni MH, Salkini MA, Tabanca N, Demirci B, Kendra PE (2021) Chemical composition of essential oils of Pulicaria species growing in Saudi Arabia and activity for Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata. Phytochem Lett 46:51–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2021.08.021

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zarani FE, Margaritis LH (1991) Fine structure and morphogenesis of the micropylar apparatus in the medfly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Int J Insect Morphol Embryol 20:127–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(91)90004-S

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zenil M, Liedo P, Williams T, Valle J, Cancino J, Montoya P (2004) Reproductive biology of Fopius arisanus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae). Biol Control 29:169–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1049-9644(03)00140-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author acknowledges the financial support for this study from the Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Innovation of Morocco. We thank also two anonymous reviewers and the subject editor for their valuable and constructive suggestions.

Funding

The research was funded by PhD grant from the Moroccan National Centre for Scientific and Technical Research Scholarship (C.N.R.S.T).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire LBMPV, Faculté des Sciences d’Agadir, Université Ibn Zohr, BP 8106, 80000, Agadir, Morocco

    M’barka Elqdhy, Latifa Askarne, Hicham Lakhtar, Abdellah Ait Benoumar & Hassan Boubaker

  2. Laboratoire LBVRN, Faculté des Sciences d’Agadir, Université Ibn Zohr, BP 8106, 80000, Agadir, Morocco

    Mohamed Ait Hamza, Abdelhamid El Mousadik & Fouad Msanda

  3. UMR CBGP, IRD, 755 Avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS30016, 34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex, France

    Odile Fossati-Gaschignard

  4. Faculty of Applied Sciences- Ait Melloul, University Ibn Zohr, BP 8106, 80000, Agadir, Morocco

    Mohamed Ait Hamza & Latifa Askarne

Authors
  1. M’barka Elqdhy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohamed Ait Hamza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Latifa Askarne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Odile Fossati-Gaschignard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hicham Lakhtar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Abdelhamid El Mousadik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Abdellah Ait Benoumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Fouad Msanda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Hassan Boubaker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection and analysis were performed by ME, MAH, LA, OFG, HL, AEM, AAB, FM and BA. The manuscript was written by ME and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohamed Ait Hamza.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no potential conflict of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Elqdhy, M., Ait Hamza, M., Askarne, L. et al. Biology, ecology and control of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), with special reference to biological control using entomopathogenic nematode (EPN): a review. J Plant Dis Prot 131, 365–402 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-023-00855-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-023-00855-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation