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Potato apical leaf curl disease: current status and perspectives on a disease caused by tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus

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Abstract

Potato apical leaf curl disease (PALCD) caused by a unique bipartite virus [tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV)] has emerged as a global threat. With the inception of ToLCNDV in 1995, it was causing curling/leaf mosaics in tomato, brinjal, chili, okra, papaya, cucurbits, etc., but under the changing climate, overlapping planting and boost-up in Bemisia tabaci populations, it shifted on potato crops. The first observation of PALCD as leaf curling/stunting of the potato plant was recorded in 1999 from northern India, and now it is spreading at an alarming rate in India. Recent outbreaks of ToLCNDV on various solanaceous, cucurbit crops, and weeds in other countries as well as the exchange of genetic and planting material of potato between the borders have made it a potential threat to potato production worldwide. To mitigate this disease, no antiviral products as well as resistant cultivars are known yet except Kufri Bahar; only planting of the healthy seed potato is the most appropriate method in the practice. The management of the disease mainly depends on diagnostics, control of insect vectors, rouging, and seed certification. These preventive measures are not enough to fulfill the food demand of the increasing population, and therefore, some concrete alternatives should be explored. In this context, the development of resistant varieties through conventional/molecular breeding or the use of advanced techniques like genome editing to edit susceptibility genes could be the future approach to combat the disease. This review highlights the current status of the pathogen and its genome, origin, evolution, and diversity, virus-vector relationship, disease symptoms, diagnostics, and management strategies.

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Fig. 1

Modified and adopted from Singh et al. (2014) and based on data available in annual reports of last 29 years (All India Coordinated Research project on potato (AICRP-potato), Shimla, India and ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, India). Potato virus Y (PVY), potato leafroll virus (PLRV), potato virus X (PVX), potato virus S (PVS), potato virus A (PVA), potato virus M (PVM) and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV)

Fig. 2

Modified and adopted from Jeevalatha et al. (2017a)

Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Modified and adapted from Singh et al. (2014) and Ellango et al. (2015) and based on data available in annual reports of last 19 years (All India Coordinated Research project on potato (AICRP-potato), Shimla, India and ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, India)

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171 001, India

    Ravinder Kumar, Rahul Kumar Tiwari, Sundaresha Siddappa, Sanjeev Sharma, Vinay Sagar & Swarup Kumar Chakrabarti

  2. ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu P.O., Kozhikode, Kerala, 673 012, India

    Arjunan Jeevalatha

  3. ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144 003, India

    Mohd. Abas Shah

  4. ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Modipuram, Uttar Pradesh, 250 110, India

    Manoj Kumar

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  1. Ravinder Kumar
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  2. Rahul Kumar Tiwari
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  4. Sundaresha Siddappa
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  9. Swarup Kumar Chakrabarti
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Contributions

RK, RKT and AJ designed the outline of the article, composed the manuscript and figures. SuS, MAS, SS, VS, MK and SKC provided scientific feedback and critical comments to revise the content. All the authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ravinder Kumar.

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Kumar, R., Tiwari, R.K., Jeevalatha, A. et al. Potato apical leaf curl disease: current status and perspectives on a disease caused by tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus. J Plant Dis Prot 128, 897–911 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-021-00463-w

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