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Suitability of Cordyceps bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for biological control of Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in an organic Mexican banana plantation: laboratory and field trials

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Abstract

The banana root borer [Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)] is the most harmful insect pest currently affecting organic banana plantations in Mexico. The use of entomopathogenic fungi to control C. sordidus populations is a biological control method that presents a promising alternative to conventional means. This study aimed to evaluate the virulence of native isolates of entomopathogenic fungi Cordyceps bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against C. sordidus adults under laboratory and field conditions. In laboratory assays, 12 isolates of C. bassiana and nine isolates of M. anisopliae were tested. In field trials, Cb174 (C. bassiana) and Ma148 (M. anisopliae) isolates and their co-application were evaluated. Cordyceps bassiana isolates Cb171 and Cb174 resulted in adult mortalities of 80.2 and 77.5% and had the lowest median lethal concentrations (LC50) of 6.4 × 106 and 5.4 × 106 conidia mL−1, respectively. Regarding the median lethal time (TL50), the most virulent isolates of C. bassiana were Cb171 and Cb190 with 9.49 and 9.55 days, respectively. For M. anisopliae, the Ma148 isolate was the most virulent (LC50 = 8.6 × 106 conidia mL−1 and LT50 = 12.61 days) and led to an adult mortality of 76.9%. In field trials, two tested isolates (C. bassiana Cb174 and M. anisopliae Ma148) were both able to reduce C. sordidus populations by 48.5% and their co-application by 38.1%. Percentage of mycosis in captured adults was over 50% for the entire evaluation period (1.6 months), which confirms the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi. Both Cb174 and Ma148 are good candidates for developing formulated products to use in the integrated pest management of C. sordidus in Mexican organic banana plantations.

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Acknowledgements

Funding was provided by Colima University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Control Biológico y Micología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Colima, A. P. 36, autopista Colima-Manzanillo Km 40, 28934, Tecomán, Colima, México

    Damián Negrete González, Marco A. Ávalos Chávez, Roberto Lezama Gutiérrez & Wilberth Chan Cupul

  2. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Colima, A. P. 36, autopista Colima-Manzanillo Km 40, 28934, Tecomán, Colima, México

    Edelmira Galindo Velasco

  3. Centro de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Agropecuario, Universidad de Colima, A. P. 36, autopista Colima-Manzanillo Km 40, 28934, Tecomán, Colima, México

    Jaime Molina Ochoa

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  1. Damián Negrete González
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  2. Marco A. Ávalos Chávez
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  3. Roberto Lezama Gutiérrez
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  4. Wilberth Chan Cupul
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  5. Jaime Molina Ochoa
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  6. Edelmira Galindo Velasco
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Correspondence to Wilberth Chan Cupul.

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Negrete González, D., Ávalos Chávez, M.A., Lezama Gutiérrez, R. et al. Suitability of Cordyceps bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for biological control of Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in an organic Mexican banana plantation: laboratory and field trials. J Plant Dis Prot 125, 73–81 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-017-0126-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-017-0126-4

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