Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Records of Sea Slug Fauna (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from the shores of Goa, Eastern Arabian Sea

  • Published:
Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Heterobranch sea slugs are a group of often vibrantly coloured, shell-less, and soft-bodied molluscs which are also indicators of climate change and a source of natural products. The information on sea slug diversity and distribution from India is scarce with only 611 species reported so far. Our study aims to bridge the gap in the information on sea slug diversity and distribution from the highly understudied state of Goa. In this study, conducted for 3 years from 2016 to 2018, we report distributional records of 15 species belonging to 14 families of heterobranch sea slugs from Goa, including a neotype sample of Dendrodoris goani which has been re-sighted and reported after almost half a century, Hallaxa cf. albopunctata is a new record from India, and Phyllidia marindica is a new record from West coast of India. The purpose of this study is to amalgamate data on sea slug diversity and distribution across the state of Goa. This information will aid in further study of the distribution patterns of this group of animals in changing climatic conditions and aid in identifying ecologically sensitive areas for designing better management plans.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The voucher specimens are kept at the Museum of Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai and have public access.

References

  • Aguado-Giménez F, Marín A (2007) Warning coloration associated with nematocyst-based defenses in aeolidiodean nudibranchs. J Molluscan Stud 73(1):23–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alder J, Hancock A (1864) IV. Notice of a Collection of Nudibranchiate Mollusca made in India by Walter Elliot, Esq., with Descriptions of several New Genera and Species. Trans Zoological Soc Lond 5(3):113–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Apte D (2009) Opisthobranch fauna of Lakshadweep Islands, India, with 52 new records to Lakshadweep and 40 new records to India: part 1. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 106(2):162–175

    Google Scholar 

  • Apte D (2012) Field guide to the marine life of India. Deepak Apte and co-published and distributed by Animesh Apte, Mumbai, pp. 502

  • Apte D, Bhave V, Parasharya D (2010) An annotated and illustrated checklist of the opisthobranch fauna of Gulf of Kutch, Gujarat, India, with 21 new records for Gujarat and 13 new records from India: part 1. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 107(1):14–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Apte D, Desai D (2017) Field guide to the sea slugs of India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, pp 429

  • Avila C (2020) Terpenoids in marine heterobranch molluscs. Mar Drugs 18(3):162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Avila C, Angulo-Preckler C (2020) Bioactive compounds from marine heterobranchs. Mar Drugs 18(12):657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baba K (1937) Record of a nudibranch, Scyllaea pelagica Linné, from Sagami Bay, Japan. Zool Mag Tokyo 49:247–249

    Google Scholar 

  • Baba K (1952) Record of an ascoglossan mollusk, Oxynoe viridis (Pease) from Sagami Bay. Japan Venus 17:77–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Baba K (1955) Opisthobranchia of Sagami Bay: supplement. Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo, p 59

    Google Scholar 

  • Baba K, Hamatani I (1961) On two species of Doriopsis (Syn. Ctenodoris) from Japan (Nudibranchia-Dorididae). Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 9(1):63–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barash A, Danin Z (1971) Opisthobranchia (Mollusca) from the Mediterranean waters of Israel. Isr J Ecol Evol 20(3):151–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Barry SC, Hayes KR, Hewitt CL, Behrens HL, Dragsund E, Bakke SM (2008) Ballast water risk assessment: principles, processes, and methods. ICES J Mar Sci 65(2):121–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bazzicalupo E, Crocetta F, Estores-Pacheco KA et al (2018) Population genetics of Bursatella leachii (De Blainville, 1817) and implications for the origin of the Mediterranean population. Helgol Mar Res 72(1):19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bharate M, Padula V, Apte D, Shimpi GG (2020) Integrative description of two new Cratena species (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) from western India. Zootaxa 4729(3):359–370

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhave V, Apte D (2011) Illustrated checklist of opisthobranch fauna of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India, with eight new records to India. Bombay Nat History Soc 108:172–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Bertsch H, Johnson S (1981) Hawaiian nudibranchs. Oriental Publishing Co, pp 1–112

  • Brodie GD (2004) An unusual dendrodorid: redescription of the tropical nudibranch Dendrodoris atromaculata (Alder & Hancock, 1864) (Anthobranchia: Doridoidea: Dendrodorididae). Zootaxa 503(1):1–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brunckhorst DJ (1993) The systematics and phylogeny of phyllidiid nudibranchs (Doridoidea). Records Australian Museum supplement 16:1–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burghardt I, Gosliner TM (2006) Phyllodesmium rudmani (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidoidea), a new solar powered species from the Indo-West Pacific with data on its symbiosis with zooxanthellae. Zootaxa 1308(1):31–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burghardt I, Schrödl M, Wägele H (2008) Three new solar-powered species of the genus Phyllodesmium Ehrenberg, 1831 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidioidea) from the tropical Indo-Pacific, with analysis of their photosynthetic activity and notes on biology. J Molluscan Stud 74(3):277–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burghardt I, Wägele H (2004) A new solar powered species of the genus Phyllodesmium Ehrenberg, 1831 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidoidea) from Indonesia with analysis of its photosynthetic activity and notes on biology. Zootaxa 596(1):1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burn R (1966) The opisthobranchs of a Caulerpan microfauna from Fiji. J Molluscan Stud 37(1):45–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaban EM, Chernyshev AV (2016) The first finding of Smaragdinella sieboldi A. Adams, 1864 (Opisthobranchia: Haminoeidae) in the South China sea with description of the anatomy of the species. Russ J Mar Biol 42(4):362–367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cimino G, Ghiselin MT (2009) Chemical defence and the evolution of opisthobranch gastropods. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 60, 175–422

  • Crocetta F, Poursanidis D, Tringali LP (2015) Biodiversity of sea slugs and shelled relatives (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Cretan Archipelago (Greece), with taxonomic remarks on selected species. Quat Int 390:56–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dayrat B (2011) A warning for ecologists and conservation biologists using species checklists: How the European marine fauna ‘lost’ all of its 16 Discodoris species (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Org Divers Evol 11(1):75–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dean LJ, Prinsep MR (2017) The chemistry and chemical ecology of nudibranchs. Nat Prod Rep 34(12):1359–1390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dhanya A, Jeyabaskaran R, Prema D, Chinnadurai S, Sajikumar K, Kripa V (2017) Non-indigenous sea slug Tenellia adspersa in the southeast coast of the Arabian Sea, India. Curr Sci 113:24–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Edmunds M (1972) Opisthobranchiate Mollusca from the Seychelles, Tanzania, and the Congo, now in the Tervuren Museum. Revue Zool Botanie Africaines 85(1–2):67–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Edmunds M (1977) Larval development, oceanic currents, and origins of the opisthobranch fauna of Ghana. J Molluscan Stud 43(3):301–308

    Google Scholar 

  • Farran GP (1905) Report on the opisthobranchiate Mollusca collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, 1902. In: Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar 3, pp 329–364

  • Fatemi Y, Attaran-Fariman G (2015) Checklist of the opisthobranchs (Heterobranchia: Gastropoda) along the Iranian Coasts of the Gulf of Oman. J Biodivers Environ Sci 6(3):1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Felder DL, Camp DK (eds) (2009) Gulf of Mexico origin, waters, and biota: biodiversity, vol 1. Texas A&M University Press, Texas, pp 711–744

    Google Scholar 

  • Forbes E (1844) Report on the Mollusca and Radiata of the Aegean Sea, and on their distribution, considering as bearing on geology. Report of the 13th Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 13, pp 130–193

  • Ghanimi H, Schrödl M, Goddard JHR et al (2020) Stargazing under the sea: molecular and morphological data reveal a constellation of species in the Berthella stellata (Risso, 1826) species complex (Mollusca, Heterobranchia, Pleurobranchidae). Mar Biodivers 50(1):1–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giacobbe S, De Matteo S (2013) The potentially invasive opisthobranch Polycera hedgpethi Er. Marcus, 1964 (Gastropoda Nudibranchia), introduced in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon. Biodivers J 4:359–364

    Google Scholar 

  • Goddard JHR, Schaefer MC, Hoover C, Valdés A (2013) Regional extinction of a conspicuous dorid nudibranch (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in California. Mar Biol 160(6):1497–1510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goddard JHR, Treneman N, Pence WE, Mason DE, Dobry PM, Green B, Hoover C (2016) Nudibranch range shifts associated with the 2014 warm anomaly in the northeast Pacific. Bull South Calif Acad Sci 115:15–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Gomes NG, Fernandes F, Madureira-Carvalho Á, Valentão P, Lobo-da-Cunha A, Calado G, Andrade PB (2018) Profiling of heterobranchia sea slugs from Portuguese coastal waters as producers of anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agents. Molecules 23(5):1027

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • González-Duarte MM, Megina C, López-González PJ, Galil B (2016) Cnidarian alien species in expansion. The Cnidaria, past, present and future. Springer, Cham, pp 139–160

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gosliner TM (1985) The aeolid nudibranch family Aeolidiidae (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) from tropical southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 95(6):233–267

    Google Scholar 

  • Gosliner TM (2001) Aposematic coloration and mimicry in opisthobranch molluscs: new phylogenetic and experimental data. Bollettino Malacologic 37:163–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Gosliner TM, Behrens DW, Valdés Á (2008) Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world’s most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books; California Academy of Sciences, Gig Harbour, WA, p 426

    Google Scholar 

  • Gosliner TM, Bertsch H (1988) A review of the genus Berthella (Opisthobranchia: Notaspidea) from the Pacific coast of North America. The Veliger 31(1–2):46–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Gosliner TM, Johnson S (1994) Review of the genus Hallaxa (Nudibranchia: Actinocyclidae) with descriptions of nine new species. The Veliger 37(2):155–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Gosliner TM, Valdés Á, Behrens DW (2015) Nudibranch & Sea Slug Identification: Indo-Pacific. New World Publications, Jacksonville, FL, p 408

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopalakrishnan A, Divya PR, Basheer VS et al (2012) Macro Flora & Fauna of the Gulf of Mannar a checklist. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, p 80

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood PG (2009) Acquisition and use of nematocysts by cnidarian predators. Toxicon 54(8):1065–1070

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Habe T (1964) Shells of the Western Pacific in Color, vol 2. Hoikusha Publishing Co, Osaka, p 233

    Google Scholar 

  • Haber M, Cerfeda S, Carbone M et al (2010) Coloration and defence in the nudibranch gastropod Hypselodoris ontandraui. Mar Biol Lab 218(2):181–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain A, Ingole B (2020) Massive coral bleaching in the patchy reef of Grande Island, along the eastern Arabian Sea during the 2015/16 global bleaching event. Reg Stud Mar Sci 39:101410

    Google Scholar 

  • Jagtap TG, Shenai-Tirodkar PS, Savant SB, Kulkarni VA, Ansari ZA (2009) Elysia bangtawaensis Swennen (Nudibranch) from the mangrove habitat of Mandovi estuary Goa (central west coast) India. Curr Sci 96(1):30–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Jensen KR (1992) Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa)), with a discussion of the generic division and phylogeny. J Molluscan Stud 58(3):257–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen KR (2015) Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from northern coasts of Singapore. Raffles Bull Zool Supplement 22:207–223

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeeva C, Muruganantham M, Mohan PM (2019) New Reports on Ophisthobranch Fauna from the Intertidal Environment of Port Blair, Andaman Island India. Curr Trends Oceanogr Mar Sci 2:110–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalk M (1958) A natural history of Inhaca island, Mozambique, vol 163. Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, pp 64–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Katsanevakis S, Poursanidis D, Hoffmann R, Rizgalla J, Rothman SBS, Levitt-Barmats YA, Espinosa Torre F (2020) Unpublished Mediterranean records of marine alien and cryptogenic species. BioInvasions Rec 9(2):165–182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar JY, Sreeraj CR, Sornaraj R (2011) Opisthobranchs of the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India. Indian J Fisheries 58(4):105–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Krug PJ, Vendetti JE, Rodriguez AK, Retana JN, Hirano YM, Trowbridge CD (2013) Integrative species delimitation in photosynthetic sea slugs reveals twenty candidate species in three nominal taxa studied for drug discovery, plastid symbiosis or biological control. Mol Phylogenet Evol 69(3):1101–1119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krug PJ, Berriman JS, Valdés Á (2018) Phylogenetic systematics of the shelled sea slug genus Oxynoe Rafinesque, 1814 (Heterobranchia: Sacoglossa), with integrative descriptions of seven new species. Invertebr Syst 32(4):950–1003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krug PJ, Vendetti JE, Valdés A (2016) Molecular and morphological systematics of Elysia Risso, 1818 (Heterobranchia: Sacoglossa) from the Caribbean region. Zootaxa 4148(1):1–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu LR (2008) Checklist of marine biota of China seas. Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Science, China, p 1267

    Google Scholar 

  • Malaquias MAE (2001) Updated and annotated checklist of the opisthobranch molluscs (excluding Thecosomata and Gymnosomata), from the Azores archipelago (North Atlantic Ocean, Portugal). Iberus 19:37–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Marín A (2019) Defence Strategies of Opisthobranch Slugs against Predatory Fish. Fish Defences: Pathogens, Parasites and Predators 2, p 203

  • Miloslavich P, Díaz JM, Klein E et al (2010) Marine biodiversity in the Caribbean: regional estimates and distribution patterns.PloS One5(8), e11916

  • Molnar JL, Gamboa RL, Revenga C, Spalding MD (2008) Assessing the global threat of invasive species to marine biodiversity. Front Ecol Environ 6(9):485–492

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nevill G, Nevill H (1869) On some new marine Gastropoda from the southern province of Ceylon. J Asiatic Soc Bengal 32(2):65

    Google Scholar 

  • Nevill G, Nevill H (1871) Descriptions of new Mollusca from the eastern regions. J Asiatic Soc Bengal 40(2):1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Nimbs MJ, Smith SDA (2016) Welcome strangers: southern range extensions for seven heterobranch sea slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) on the subtropical east Australian coast, a climate change hot spot. Reg Stud Mar Sci 8:27–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Nimbs MJ, Smith SDA (2018) Beyond Capricornia: tropical sea slugs (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) extend their distributions into the Tasman Sea. Diversity 10(3):99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nithyanandan M, Al-Kandari M, Mantha G (2021) New records of nudibranchs and a cephalaspid from Kuwait, northwestern Arabian Gulf (Mollusca, Heterobranchia). ZooKeys 1048:91–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Donoghue CH (1932) Notes on Nudibranchiata from southern India. J Molluscan Stud 20(3):141–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Oskars TR, Malaquias MAE (2019) A molecular phylogeny of the Indo-West Pacific species of Haloa sensu lato gastropods (Cephalaspidea: Haminoeidae): Tethyan vicariance, generic diversity, and ecological specialization. Mol Phylogenetics Evol 139:106557

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pierce SK, Curtis NE, Middlebrooks ML (2015) Sacoglossan Sea slugs make routine use of photosynthesis by a variety of species-specific adaptations. Invertebr Biol 134:103–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pola M, Camacho-Garcia YE, Gosliner TM (2012) Molecular data illuminate cryptic nudibranch species: the evolution of the Scyllaeidae (Nudibranchia: Dendronotina) with a revision of Notobryon. Zool J Linn Soc 165(2):311–336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poriya P, Vakani B, Chaudhari B, Kachhiya P, Kundu R (2015) Diversity and first record of heterobranch gastropods (opisthobranchs) from the Saurashtra coast of Kathiawar Peninsula, India. Marine Biodivers 8:1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Poursanidis D, Koutsoubas D, Issaris J, Gerovasileiou V, Zenetos A (2009) New records on the Opisthobranch fauna of the Greek Seas. Mar Biodivers Records 2:e74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Putz A, König GM, Wägele H (2010) Defensive strategies of Cladobranchia (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia). Nat Prod Rep 27:1386–1402

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rao KS, Sundaram KS (1972) Ecology of intertidal molluscs of Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. In: Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy 38(B), pp 462–474

  • Rao KV, Kumary L (1973) On a new species of Dendrodoris Ehrenberg from Goa: Mollusca – Nudibranchiata. J Mar Biology Association India 15(1):242250

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao KV, Kumary L (1974) On some aspects of taxonomy structure and early development of the nudibranchiate gastropod Discodoris fragilis (Alder and Hancock). J Mar Biol Association India 16(3):689–699

    Google Scholar 

  • Ravinesh R, Jabir T et al (2017) First record of the alien sea slug Thecacera pennigera (Montagu, 1813) (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Nudibranchia: Polyceridae) from southwest coast of India. J Aquat Biology Fisheries 5:222–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Rehitha TV, Ullas N, Vineetha G et al (2017) Impact of maintenance dredging on macrobenthic community structure of a tropical estuary. Ocean Coast Manag 144:71–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ritson-Williams R, Paul VJ (2007) Marine benthic invertebrates use multimodal cues for defence against reef fish. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 340:29–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rolán E, Groh K (2005) Malacological Fauna from the Cape Verde Archipelago: Part 1. ConchBooks

  • Rudman WB (1999) Oxynoe viridis (Pease, 1861). In: Sea Slug Forum. Australian Museum, Sydney. Available from http://www.seaslugforum.net/factsheet/oxynviri. Accessed on 15 Nov 2021

  • Rudman WB (2002) Feeding on Palythoa. In: Sea Slug Forum. Australian Museum, Sydney. Available from http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/palyfeed. Accessed on 15 Nov 2021

  • Rudman WB (2003) Comment on other Berthella stellata from Cerbere by Marina Poddubetskaia. In: Sea Slug Forum Australian Museum, Sydney. http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/10544. Accessed on 15 Nov 2021

  • Rudman W, Willan R (1998) Opisthobranchia. In: Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Wells A (eds) Mollusca: The Southern Synthesis. Fauna of Australia, vol 5. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Australia, pp 915–1035

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudman WB (2004) Scyllaea pelagica Linnaeus, 1758. In: Sea Slug Forum. Australian Museum, Sydney. Available from http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/scylpel. Accessed on 15 Nov 2021

  • Rumpho ME, Summer EJ, Manhart JR (2000) Solar-powered Sea slugs. Mollusc/algal chloroplast symbiosis. Plant Physiol 132:29–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sankar R, Raja P, Murugan A (2011) Occurrence of ophisthobranch mollusk Umbraculum umbraculum in Tuticotin coast, South east coast of India. Indian J Mar Sci 40(4):487–490

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarma ALN (1974) Phytal Fauna of Caulerpa taxifolia and C. racemosa off Visakhapatnam coast. Indian J Mar Sci 3(2):155–164

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarma ALN, Ganapati PN (1972) Faunal associations of algae in the intertidal region of Visakhapatnam. In: Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy Part B Biol Sci 38, pp 380–396

  • Sea Slug forum (2020) Available from http://www.seaslugforum.net/showall/scylpel Accessed on 20 March, 2018

  • Schrödl M, Hooker Y (2014) Sea slugs of Peru: Peruvian-Chilean faunal elements. Spixiana 37(1):45–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Sethi S, Kokane MR, Otta SK, Sethi G (2015) First record of ragged sea hare Bursatella leachii Blainville, 1817 (Opisthobranchia: Euopisthobranchia: Aplysiidae) in Pulicat Lake, east coast of India. Mar Biodivers Rec 8:1–3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selfati M, Ouamari NE, Crocetta F et al (2017) Closing the circle in the Mediterranean Sea: Bursatella leachii Blainville, 1817 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Anaspidea) has reached Morocco. Bioinvasions Rec 6(2):129–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shetye SS, Naik H, Kurian S et al (2020) pH variability off Goa (eastern Arabian Sea) and the response of sea urchin to ocean acidification scenarios.Mar Ecol41(5), e12614

  • Smith EA (1910) On South African marine Mollusca with descriptions of new species. Annals of the Natal Museum 2:175–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Spencer HG, Marshall BA, Willan RC (2009) Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. In: Gordon DP (ed) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume One. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, pp 196–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Sreeraj CR, Sivaperuman C, Raghunathan C (2013) Species diversity and abundance of opisthobranch molluscs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) in the coral reef environments of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. In: Venkataraman K, Sivaperuman C,  Raghunathan C (eds.) Ecology and Conservation of Tropical Marine Faunal Communities. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 81–106

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Stoner AW, Greening HS (1984) Geographic variation in the macrofaunal associates of pelagic Sargassum and some biogeographic implications. Mar Ecol Prog Ser Oldendorf 20(1):185–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sundaram KS, Sarvesan R, Mohamed KH, Shanbhogue SL (1969) Catalogue of Molluscs, Prawns, Stomatopods and Marine Algae in the Reference Collections of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, vol 9. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute Bulletin, pp 1–52

  • Thompson TE, Brown GH (1981) Biology and relationships of the nudibranch mollusc Notobryon wardi in South Africa, with a review of the Scyllaeidae. J Zool 194(4):437–444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vadher P, Kardani H, Beleem I (2020) An annotated checklist of sea slug fauna of Gujarat coast, India. J Threat Taxa 12(8):15835–15851

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valdés A, Mollo E, Ortea J (1999) Two new species of Chromodoris (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Chromodorididae) from southern India, with a redescription of Chromodoris trimarginata (Winckworth, 1946). Proceedings of California Academy of Sciences, 51(13), 461–472

  • Vayssiere A (1912) Recherches zoologiques at anatomiques sur les Opisthobranches de la mer Rouge et Golfe d’Aden. Première partie: Les Tectibranches. Annales de la Faculté des Sciences, Marseille 16, 1–72

  • Venkataraman K, Raghunanthan C, Raghuraman R, Dixit S (2015) Fascinating Sea slugs and Flatworms of Indian seas. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, p 149

    Google Scholar 

  • Wägele H, Klussmann-Kolb A (2005) Opisthobranchia (Mollusca, Gastropoda)–more than just slimy slugs. Shell reduction and its implications on defence and foraging. Front Zool 2(1):1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wägele H, Klussmann-Kolb A, Verbeek E, Schrödl M (2014) Flashback and foreshadowing – a review of the taxon Opisthobranchia. Organisms Divers Evol 14(1):133–149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wassmann P, Duarte CM, Agusti S, Sejr MK (2011) Footprints of climate change in the Arctic marine ecosystem. Glob Change Biol 17(2):1235–1249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wells FE, Sanpanich K, Tan SK, Duangdee T (2021) The Marine and Estuarine Molluscs of Thailand. Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, p 195

    Google Scholar 

  • Winckworth HC (1946) Glossodoris from Bombay. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 26(6), 155–160

  • WoRMS (2022) World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved February 7, 2022, from WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species: http://www.marinespecies.org/

  • WWF-India (2019) In: Corals and Crabs: Marine Life in the Reefs of Goa, WWF-India New Delhi, pp 1–27

  • Yonow N (1994) Opisthobranchs from the Maldive Islands, including descriptions of seven new species (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Revue française d’aquariologie herpétologie 20(4):97–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Yonow N (2008a) Sea slugs of the Red Sea. Pensoft, Sofia, Moscow, p 304

    Google Scholar 

  • Yonow N (2008b) Opisthobranchs of the Gulf of Eilat and the Red Sea: an account of similarities and differences. In: F Por (ed) Aqaba – Eilat, The Improbable Gulf. Environment, Biodiversity and Preservation. The Hebrew University Magnes Press, Jerusalem, pp 177–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Yonow N (2015) Sea slugs: unexpected biodiversity and distribution. In: Rasul NMA, Stewart ICF (eds) The Red Sea. Springer, Berlin, pp 531–550

    Google Scholar 

  • Yonow N, Anderson RC, Buttress SG (2002) Opisthobranch molluscs from the Chagos Archipelago, Central Indian Ocean. J Nat Hist 36(7):831–882

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yonow N, Hayward PJ (1991) Opisthobranches de l’lle Maurice, avec la description de deux espèces nouvelles (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia). Revue française d’aquariologie herpétologie 18(1):1–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Young DK (1967) New records of Nudibranchia from the Central and West-Central Pacific with a description of a new species. The Veliger 10(2):159–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Zan J, Li Z, Tianero MD et al (2019) A microbial factory for defensive kahalalides in a tripartite marine symbiosis. Science 364(6445):eaaw6732

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We express our sincere thanks to the CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Goa, and Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) for the facilities. Afreen Hussain would like to thank the Department of Science and Technology (Government of India) for the INSPIRE fellowship. This work is part of Afreen Hussain’s Ph.D. thesis. The authors also thank Liju Thomas, Rahul Nagesh, Amit Patil, and Dr. Anita George for the help in sample collection.

Funding

The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Rajiv Gandhi Science & Technology Commission (RGSTC), the Government of Maharashtra (GAP2871), and the Department of Science and Technology project (GAP 2899). CSIR-NIO’s contribution number is 6906.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, 403004, Dona Paula, Goa, India

    Afreen Hussain, Aqsa Zari, Baban Ingole & Mandar Nanajkar

  2. School of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, 403206, Goa, India

    Afreen Hussain

  3. Srushti Conservation Foundation, 411038, Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Vishal Bhave & Deepak Apte

Authors
  1. Afreen Hussain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vishal Bhave
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Aqsa Zari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Deepak Apte
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Baban Ingole
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Mandar Nanajkar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Afreen Hussain and Dr. Vishal Bhave wrote the manuscript. Dr. Baban Ingole, Dr. Deepak Apte, and Dr. Mandar Nanajkar initiated the project, acquired funding, managed project administration. Afreen Hussain, Vishal Bhave and Aqza Zari participated in field collection, and laboratory analysis. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mandar Nanajkar.

Ethics declarations

Ethics declarations

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary Material 1

Supplementary Material 2

Supplementary Material 3

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hussain, A., Bhave, V., Zari, A. et al. Records of Sea Slug Fauna (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from the shores of Goa, Eastern Arabian Sea. Thalassas 38, 895–909 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-022-00430-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-022-00430-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation