Abstract
This study deals with the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics of the removal of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) ions from an aqueous solution using natural material from Morocco (NMT). The adsorbent used is characterized by different physicochemical techniques such as X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The effects of various experimental conditions, including contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, and temperature, on metal removal by the natural adsorbent were investigated. Under optimal conditions, adsorption efficiencies of 65.21% and 91.31% are respectively observed for Cr(VI) and Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption is explained well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm equations at different concentrations. The Langmuir separation factor RL and the n value for the Freundlich isotherm show that Cr(VI) and Cu(II) ions are adsorbed favorably onto the NMT. Thermodynamic parameters, such as the Gibbs free energy (∆G), the adsorption entropy (∆S), and the adsorption enthalpy (∆H), suggest that the adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic, and controlled by physical mechanisms for both heavy metals.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
AbouZakhem B, Hafez R (2015) Heavy metal pollution index for groundwater quality assessment in Damascus Oasis, Syria. Environ Earth Sci 73:6591–6600. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3882-5
Amar M, Benzerzour M, Kleib J, Abriak NE (2021) From dredged sediment to supplementary cementitious material: characterization, treatment, and reuse. Int J Sediment Res 36:92–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2020.06.002
Amir S (2015) Contribution à la valorisation de boues de stations d’épuration par compostage: devenir des micropolluants métalliques et organiques et bilan humique du compost. Soumia Amir, University Polytechnic Toulouse, France. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Contribution-%C3%A0-la-valorisation-de-boues-de-stations-Amir/5f216050ce63fba308b5e1b76a8de5d6ba06f72c
Annadurai G, Juang RS, Lee DJ (2003) Adsorption of heavy metals from water using banana and orange peels. Water Sci Technol 47:185–190. https://doi.org/10.2166/WST.2003.0049
Arief VO, Trilestari K, Sunarso J et al (2008) Recent progress on biosorption of heavy metals from liquids using low cost biosorbents: characterization, biosorption parameters and mechanism studies. Clean Soil Air Water 36:937–962. https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.200800167
Assila O, Zouheir M, Tanji K et al (2021) Copper nickel co-impregnation of Moroccan yellow clay as promising catalysts for the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of caffeine. Heliyon 7:e06069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06069
Azzaz AA, Jellali S, Assadi AA, Bousselmi L (2015) Chemical treatment of orange tree sawdust for a cationic dye enhancement removal from aqueous solutions: kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies. New Pub Balaban 57:22107–22119. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1103313
Azzaz AA, Jellali S, Akrout H et al (2018) Dynamic investigations on cationic dye desorption from chemically modified lignocellulosic material using a low-cost eluent: dye recovery and anodic oxidation efficiencies of the desorbed solutions. J Clean Prod 201:28–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2018.08.023
Bayuo J, Abdullai M, Kenneth A, Pelig B (2020) Desorption of chromium (VI) and lead (II) ions and regeneration of the exhausted adsorbent. Appl Water Sci 10:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-020-01250-y
Benjelloun M, Miyah Y, AkdemirEvrendilek G et al (2021) Recent advances in adsorption kinetic models: their application to dye types. Arab J Chem 14:103031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103031
Bhattacharyya KG, Sen GS (2011) Removal of Cu(II) by natural and acid-activated clays: an insight of adsorption isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamics. Desalination 272:66–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.01.001
Bohli T, Ouederni A, Villaescusa I (2017) Simultaneous adsorption behavior of heavy metals onto microporous olive stones activated carbon: analysis of metal interactions. Euro Mediterr J Environ Integr 2:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41207-017-0030-0
Booker NA, Cooney EL, Priestley AJ (1996) Ammonia removal from sewage using natural Australian zeolite. Water Sci Technol 34:17–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1223(96)00782-2
Burakov AE, Galunin EV, Burakova IV et al (2018) Adsorption of heavy metals on conventional and nanostructured materials for wastewater treatment purposes: a review. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 148:702–712. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOENV.2017.11.034
Campodonico VA, García MG, Pasquini AI (2015) The dissolved chemical and isotopic signature downflow the confluence of two large rivers: the case of the Parana and Paraguay rivers. J Hydrol 528:161–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.06.027
Cao JS, Lin JX, Fang F et al (2014) A new absorbent by modifying walnut shell for the removal of anionic dye: kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Bioresour Technol 163:199–205
Charriau A, Lesven L, Gao Y et al (2011) Trace metal behaviour in riverine sediments: role of organic matter and sulfides. Appl Geochem 26:80–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.11.005
Copaja SV, Mauro L, Vega-retter C, Véliz D (2020) Adsorption-desorption of trace elements in sediments of the Maipo River basin. J Chil Chem Soc 2:4778
Dada AO, Olalekan AP, Olatunya AM et al (2012) Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms studies of equilibrium sorption of Zn2+ unto phosphoric acid modified rice husk. 3:38–45
Dehmani Y, Ed-Dra A, Zennouhi O et al (2020) Chemical characterization and adsorption of oil mill wastewater on Moroccan clay in order to be used in the agricultural field. Heliyon 6:e03164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03164
Dra A, El Gaidoumi A, Tanji K et al (2019) Characterization and quantification of heavy metals in oued sebou sediments. Sci World J 2019:21–23. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7496576
Dra A, Tanji K, Arrahli A et al (2020a) Valorization of oued sebou natural sediments (Fez-Morocco area) as adsorbent of methylene blue dye: kinetic and thermodynamic study. Sci World J 2020:8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2187129
Dra A, Tanji K, Arrahli A et al (2020b) Corrigendum to “Valorization of oued sebou natural sediments (Fez-Morocco area) as adsorbent of methylene blue dye: kinetic and thermodynamic study.” Sci World J 2020:4815767. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4815767
El Gaidoumi A, Loqman A, Zouheir M et al (2021) Sol–gel fluorinated TiO2–clay nanocomposite: study of fluor-titanium interaction on the photodegradation of phenol. Res Chem Intermed 47:1–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-021-04573-w
El Mrabet I, Nawdali M, Rafqah S et al (2020) Low-cost biomass for the treatment of landfill leachate from Fez City: application of a combined coagulation–adsorption process. Euro Mediterr J Environ Integr 5:14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41207-020-00201-y
Gao Z, Guo H, Zhao B et al (2020) Experiment-based geochemical modeling of arsenic(V) and arsenic(III) adsorption onto aquifer sediments from an inland basin. J Hydrol 588:125094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125094
Günay A, Arslankaya E, Tosun I (2007) Lead removal from aqueous solution by natural and pretreated clinoptilolite: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics. J Hazard Mater 146:362–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.034
Jeguirim M, Limousy L (2019) Biomass chars: elaboration, characterization and applications II. Energies 12:384. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12030384
Kamagate M, Assadi AA, Kone T et al (2018) Use of laterite as a sustainable catalyst for removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics from contaminated water. Chemosphere 195:847–853. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2017.12.165
Lairini S, El Mahtal K, Miyah Y et al (2017) The adsorption of crystal violet from aqueous solution by using potato peels (Solanum tuberosum): equilibrium and kinetic studies. J Mater Environ Sci 8:3252–3261
Langmuir I (1918) The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum. J Am Chem Soc 345:1361–1403
Magali S (2008) Spéciation du cadmium, du plomb et du zinc dans les poussières d’émissions atmosphériques d’origine sidérurgique - Approche de l’impact toxicologique des poussières. - document
Mejjad N, Laissaoui A, El-Hammoumi O et al (2016) Sediment geochronology and geochemical behavior of major and rare earth elements in the Oualidia Lagoon in the western Morocco. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 309:1133–1143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-016-4714-8
Motsi T, Rowson NA, Simmons MJH (2009) Adsorption of heavy metals from acid mine drainage by natural zeolite. Int J Miner Process 92:42–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MINPRO.2009.02.005
Olusegun SJ, de Sousa Lima LF, Mohallem NDS (2018) Enhancement of adsorption capacity of clay through spray drying and surface modification process for wastewater treatment. Chem Eng J 334:1719–1728. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2017.11.084
Panda L, Das B, Rao DS, Mishra BK (2011) Application of dolochar in the removal of cadmium and hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous solutions. J Hazard Mater 192:822–831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.05.098
Pholosi A, Naidoo EB, Ofomaja AE (2020) Intraparticle diffusion of Cr(VI) through biomass and magnetite coated biomass: a comparative kinetic and diffusion study. South Afr J Chem Eng 32:39–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2020.01.005
Qu Z, Dong G, Zhu S et al (2020) Recycling of groundwater treatment sludge to prepare nano-rod erdite particles for tetracycline adsorption. J Clean Prod 257:120462. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2020.120462
Riffi SA, Hte R (2013) Gerer le reseau d’assainissement de la ville de fes valoriser collecter, traiter
Saltali K, Sari A, Aydin M (2007) Removal of ammonium ion from aqueous solution by natural Turkish (Yıldızeli) zeolite for environmental quality. J Hazard Mater 141:258–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.124
Šćiban M, Radetić B, Kevrešan Ž, Klašnja M (2007) Adsorption of heavy metals from electroplating wastewater by wood sawdust. Bioresour Technol 98:402–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2005.12.014
Shi T, Jia S, Chen Y et al (2009) Adsorption of Pb(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) onto a vanadium mine tailing from aqueous solution. J Hazard Mater 169:838–846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.020
Soltanian MR (2015) Relating reactive transport to hierarchical and multiscale relating reactive transport to hierarchical and multiscale sedimentary architecture. PhD thesis. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4718.6083
Tournassat C, Bourg IC, Steefel CI, Bergaya F (2015) Surface properties of clay minerals. Dev Clay Sci 6:5–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100027-4.00001-2
Uddin MK (2017) A review on the adsorption of heavy metals by clay minerals, with special focus on the past decade. Chem Eng J 308:438–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2016.09.029
Unuabonah EI, Adebowale KO, Olu-Owolabi BI et al (2008) Adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solutions onto sodium tetraborate-modified kaolinite clay: equilibrium and thermodynamic studies. Hydrometallurgy 93:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2008.02.009
Veli S, Alyüz B, Aly B (2007) Adsorption of copper and zinc from aqueous solutions by using natural clay. J Hazard Mater 149:226–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.04.109
Wang Z, Li X, Liang H et al (2017) Equilibrium, kinetics and mechanism of Au3 +, Pd2 + and Ag+ ions adsorption from aqueous solutions by graphene oxide functionalized persimmon tannin. Mater Sci Eng C 79:227–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.038
Wang HY, Göttlicher J, Byrne JM et al (2021) Vertical redox zones of Fe–S–As coupled mineralogy in the sediments of Hetao Basin – constraints for groundwater As contamination. J Hazard Mater 408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124924
Yuan S, Tang H, Xiao Y et al (2019) Phosphorus contamination of the surface sediment at a river confluence. J Hydrol 573:568–580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.02.036
Zsirka B, Horváth E, Járvás Z et al (2016) Applied clay science structural and energetical characterization of exfoliated kaolinite surfaces. Appl Clay Sci 124–125:54–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2016.01.035
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
Additional information
Communicated by Aymen Amin Assadi, Associate Editor.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ksakas, A., Arrahli, A., Dra, A. et al. Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies of heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions by natural material from Morocco. Euro-Mediterr J Environ Integr 7, 141–153 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41207-022-00298-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41207-022-00298-3