Abstract
The developments in Steer-by-Wire Systems allow for the re-thinking of the commonly known steering system meaning both the development of new controls replacing the steering wheel as well as the design of the feedback corresponding to inform the human driver about the vehicle state. By conducting a user study in a high fidelity driving simulator this paper investigates the quality of vehicle stabilization performed via Active Drivesticks as alternative controls in comparison to the conventional steering wheel in a high-speed scenario. On a subjective level, assessed driving pleasure, experienced comfort and usability were high. Still, the subjective evaluation of safety feeling, experienced stress as well as necessary effort, was in favor of the conventional steering wheel, which subjects have been using over many years of driving. In addition, objective driving state variables that were measured to assess the participants’ performance in controlling the target path show a slight advantage for the classical steering control. In conclusion, it could be shown that despite the difference in experience and training with the different controls, the vehicle stabilization performed via Drivesticks is almost as good as the one performed via the conventional steering wheel in a high-speed driving scenario.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ersoy, M., Rieger, W., Greis, C., Hirzmann, G., Schäfer, B.: “Bestandteile der Lenkung,” in Fahrwerkhandbuch, 5th edn., Ersoy, M., Gies, S. (eds.) Wiesbaden: Springer Vieweg, 2017, pp. 373–438
Bubb, H.: Systemergonomie des Fahrzeugs. In: Automobilergonomie, H., Bubb, K., Bengler, R.E., Grünen, Vollrath, M. (eds.) Wiesbaden: Springer, 2015, pp. 259–340
Eckstein, L.: Entwicklung und Überprüfung eines Bedienkonzepts und von Algorithmen zum Fahren eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit aktiven Sidesticks. Fortschritt-Berichte VDI Reihe 12 Nr. 471. Düsseldorf: VDI Verlag, 2001
Weber, B., Panzhirsch, M., Preusche, C., Deml, B.: “Der aktive Sidestick als Bedienelement im Elektromobil,” in Mensch, Technik, Organisation—Vernetzung im Produktentstehungs- und Herstellungsprozess, Schütte, M. (ed.) Dortmund: Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft (GfA), 2011, pp. 281–284
Kienle, M., Damböck, D., Kelsch, J., Flemisch, F., Bengler, K., Towards an H-Mode for highly automated vehicles: Driving with side sticks. In: Proceedings of the first international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications, Essen, Germany, 2009, pp. 19–23
Klein, M., Mihailescu, A., Gillen, C., Hesse, L., Eckstein, L.: Potentials and Challenges for the Application of Active Sidesticks—Case Study “SpeedE”. In: Presented at 21st Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology 2012
Struth, M., Schwarz, B., Sandmann, T., S. Faßbender: Elektrofahrzeug SpeedE Forschungsplattform mit offenen Schnittstellen. ATZ Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift 118(5), 16–22 (2016)
Donges, E.: Aspekte der Aktiven Sicherheit bei der Führung von Personenkraftwagen. Automobil-Industrie 2(82), 183–190 (1982)
Eckstein, L.: Vertikal- und Querdynamik von Kraftfahrzeugen. Schriftenreihe Automobiltechnik. Fka, 2014
VIRES Simulations technologie GmbH. Online: URL: https://vires.com/ (retrieved September 20th 2018)
Hart, S.G., NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX); 20 Years Later. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 50th Annual Meeting, Santa Monica, CA, USA, 2006, pp. 904–908.USA, 2006, pp. 904–908
Brooke, J.: SUS: a “quick and dirty” usability scale, in Usability Evaluation in Industry, P.W., Jordan, B., Thomas, B.A., Weerdmeester, McClelland, A.L. (eds.) London: Taylor and Francis, 1996
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saupp, L., Schwarz, B., Schwalm, M. et al. Evaluation of active Drivesticks as alternative controls in a high fidelity driving simulator. Automot. Engine Technol. 4, 37–44 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41104-019-00039-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41104-019-00039-9