Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Modeling the compressive strength of green mortar modified with waste glass granules and fly ash using soft computing techniques

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Innovative Infrastructure Solutions Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Waste materials of all kinds are among the problems facing third world countries in protecting the environment. One of the major parts of waste materials is waste glass. With the development, of any civilization, concrete and mortar are the most used materials in the construction process, which make their compositions, reduce in the environment day after day. One of the interesting ways of using waste material is to be added to concrete and mortar instead as a partial replacement of one of the concrete or mortar compositions. In this paper, 123 data are collected from previous papers with different parameters and statically analyzed and represented in four models (Linear regression model (LRM) and nonlinear regression model (NLR), multi-linear regression model (MLR) and ANN model) to predict compressive strength. In the process of modeling, these variables are important and affect the value of compressive strength, such as curing time, w/c, cement content, fly ash, sand content, waste glass content and curing time. Various statistical assessments such as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Scatter Index (SI), Objective (OBJ) value, and the coefficient of determination (R2) were used to evaluate the efficiency and performance of the proposed models. The obtained results showed that the ANN model showed better efficiency for predicting the compressive strength of mortar mixtures containing fine glass and fly ash compared to other models. The R2, MAE, and RMSE for this model were 0.97, 1.57, and 2.08, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

All data are provided in the manuscript.

References

  1. Ling TC, Poon CS (2017) Spent fluorescent lamp glass as a substitute for fine aggregate in cement mortar. J Clean Prod 161:646–654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Miraldo S, Lopes S, Lopes AV, Pacheco-Torgal F (2022) Design of fly ash-based alkali-activated mortars, containing waste glass and recycled CDW aggregates, for compressive strength optimization. Materials 15(3):1204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Zeng JJ, Zhang XW, Chen GM, Wang XM, Jiang T (2020) FRP-confined recycled glass aggregate concrete: concept and axial compressive behavior. J Build Eng 30:101288

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Keryou AB, Ibrahim GJ (2014) Effect of using windows waste glass as coarse aggregate on some properties of concrete. Engineering and Technology Journal, 32(6 Part A)

  5. Khan MNN, Sarker PK (2020) Effect of waste glass fine aggregate on the strength, durability and high temperature resistance of alkali-activated fly ash and GGBFS blended mortar. Constr Build Mater 263:120177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cho YK, Jung SH, Choi YC (2019) Effects of chemical composition of fly ash on compressive strength of fly ash cement mortar. Constr Build Mater 204:255–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ogundairo TO, Adegoke DD, Akinwumi II, Olofinnade OM (2019) Sustainable use of recycled waste glass as an alternative material for building construction–A review. In: IOP conference series: materials science and engineering 640:1 012073

  8. Liu G, Florea MVA, Brouwers HJH (2019) Waste glass as binder in alkali activated slag–fly ash mortars. Mater Struct 52(5):1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Shon CS, Tugelbayev A, Shaimakhanov R, Karatay N, Zhang D, Kim JR (2021) Use of off-ASTM class F fly ash and waste limestone powder in mortar mixtures containing waste glass sand. Sustainability 14(1):75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ling TC, Poon CS (2011) Utilization of recycled glass derived from cathode ray tube glass as fine aggregate in cement mortar. J Hazard Mater 192(2):451–456

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhao H, Poon CS (2017) A comparative study on the properties of the mortar with the cathode ray tube funnel glass sand at different treatment methods. Constr Build Mater 148:900–909

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Gómez-Soberón JM, Cabrera-Covarrubias FG, Almaral-Sánchez JL, Gómez-Soberón MC (2018) Fresh-state properties of mortars with recycled glass aggregates: global unification of behavior. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

  13. Ling TC, Poon CS, Lam WS, Chan TP, Fung KKL (2012) Utilization of recycled cathode ray tubes glass in cement mortar for X-ray radiation-shielding applications. J Hazard Mater 199:321–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Małek M, Łasica W, Jackowski M, Kadela M (2020) Effect of waste glass addition as a replacement for fine aggregate on properties of mortar. Materials 13(14):3189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Tittarelli F, Giosuè C, Mobili A (2018) Recycled glass as aggregate for architectural mortars. Int J Concr Struct Mater 12(1):1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Choi SY, Choi YS, Yang EI (2017) Effects of heavy weight waste glass recycled as fine aggregate on the mechanical properties of mortar specimens. Ann Nucl Energy 99:372–382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Tangpagasit J, Cheerarot R, Jaturapitakkul C, Kiattikomol K (2005) Packing effect and pozzolanic reaction of fly ash in mortar. Cem Concr Res 35(6):1145–1151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Sasui S, Kim G, Nam J, van Riessen A, Hadzima-Nyarko M (2021) Effects of waste glass as a sand replacement on the strength and durability of fly ash/GGBS based alkali activated mortar. Ceram Int 47(15):21175–21196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Neville AM, Brooks JJ (1987) Concrete technology. England, Longman Scientific and Technical

    Google Scholar 

  20. Shariati M, Mafipour MS, Ghahremani B, Azarhomayun F, Ahmadi M, Trung NT, Shariati A (2020) A novel hybrid extreme learning machine–grey wolf optimizer (ELM-GWO) model to predict compressive strength of concrete with partial replacements for cement. Engineering with Computers 1–23

  21. Ghafor K, Mahmood W, Qadir W, Mohammed A (2020) Effect of Particle Size Distribution of Sand on Mechanical Properties of Cement Mortar Modified with Microsilica. ACI Materials Journal 117(1)

  22. Qadir W, Ghafor K, Mohammed A (2019) Characterizing and modeling the mechanical properties of the cement mortar modified with fly ash for various water-to-cement ratios and curing times. Advances in Civil Engineering

  23. Ling TC, Poon CS (2012) A comparative study on the feasible use of recycled beverage and CRT funnel glass as fine aggregate in cement mortar. J Clean Prod 29:46–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Ling TC, Poon CS (2013) Effects of particle size of treated CRT funnel glass on properties of cement mortar. Mater Struct 46(1):25–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. ZainM FM, MAbd S (2009) Multiple regression model for compressive strength prediction of high performance concrete. J Appl Sci 9(1):155–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Rafiq SK (2020) Modeling and statistical assessments to evaluate the effects of fly ash and silica fume on the mechanical properties of concrete at different strength ranges. J Build Pathol Rehabil 5(1):1–15

    Google Scholar 

  27. Salih A, Rafiq S, Mahmood W, Hind AD, Noaman R, Ghafor K, Qadir W (2020) Systemic multi-scale approaches to predict the flowability at various temperature and mechanical properties of cement paste modified with nano-calcium carbonate. Constr Build Mater 262:120777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Nash JE, Sutcliffe JV (1970) River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I—A discussion of principles. J Hydrol 10(3):282–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(70)90255-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Mohammed-Ali W, Mendoza C, Holmes R Jr (2020) Influence of hydropower outflow characteristics on riverbank stability: case of the lower Osage River (Missouri, USA). Hydrol Sci J 65(10):1784–1793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Mohammed-Ali W, Mendoza C, Holmes RR (2021) Riverbank stability assessment during hydro-peak flow events: the lower Osage River case (Missouri, USA). Int J River Basin Manag 19(3):335–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research received no funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    Soran Abdrahman Ahmad & Serwan Khwrshed Rafiq

  2. Civil Engineering Department, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    Rabar H. Faraj

Authors
  1. Soran Abdrahman Ahmad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Serwan Khwrshed Rafiq
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rabar H. Faraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rabar H. Faraj.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The author has no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ahmad, S.A., Rafiq, S.K. & Faraj, R.H. Modeling the compressive strength of green mortar modified with waste glass granules and fly ash using soft computing techniques. Innov. Infrastruct. Solut. 8, 67 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-023-01041-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-023-01041-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation