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Solid-State Nanopore/Nanochannel Sensing of Single Entities

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Abstract

Solid-state nanopores/nanochannels, with their high stability, tunable geometry, and controllable surface chemistry, have recently become an important tool for constructing biosensors. Compared with traditional biosensors, biosensors constructed with solid-state nanopores/nanochannels exhibit significant advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity, and high spatiotemporal resolution in the detection single entities (such as single molecules, single particles, and single cells) due to their unique nanoconfined space-induced target enrichment effect. Generally, the solid-state nanopore/nanochannel modification method is the inner wall modification, and the detection principles are the resistive pulse method and the steady-state ion current method. During the detection process, solid-state nanopore/nanochannel is easily blocked by single entities, and interfering substances easily enter the solid-state nanopore/nanochannel to generate interference signals, resulting in inaccurate measurement results. In addition, the problem of low flux in the detection process of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel, these defects limit the application of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel. In this review, we introduce the preparation and functionalization of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel, the research progress in the field of single entities sensing, and the novel sensing strategies on solving the above problems in solid-state nanopore/nanochannel single-entity sensing. At the same time, the challenges and prospects of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel for single-entity electrochemical sensing are also discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2021YFE0191500), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875203), the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (20A490), the Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities of the Guizhou Provincial Education Department (Youth Project) (2022396), and the Science and Technology Planning Project of the Science and Technology Bureau of Qianxinan Prefecture (2022-1-20).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biology and Chemistry, Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, 562400, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Yi, Qianchun Zhang & Changbo Zhang

  2. Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People’s Republic of China

    Lanhua Yi

  3. School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People’s Republic of China

    Xingzhu Wang

  4. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China

    Chuanping Zhang

  5. College of Information Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People’s Republic of China

    Yebo Lu

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  1. Wei Yi
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  3. Qianchun Zhang
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Correspondence to Chuanping Zhang, Yebo Lu, Lanhua Yi or Xingzhu Wang.

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Yi, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, Q. et al. Solid-State Nanopore/Nanochannel Sensing of Single Entities. Top Curr Chem (Z) 381, 13 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-023-00425-w

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