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An Advanced Transmission Line Protection Algorithm to Detect Power Swing and Fault Using Speedy Wavelet

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Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Electrical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Power swings are short frequency transients which occur in power system due to line faults and load fluctuations. In the presence of power swings, impedance calculated by distance relay fluctuates and has entry in any of its operating zones. To avoid mal-operation during such transient condition, relay manufactures provide inherent swing de-blocking function in digital relays. But during fault occurring in the presence of such power swings, relay is required to be immediately de-blocked. Hence, this paper introduces an advanced fast acting power swing and fault detecting algorithm for digital protection scheme based on discrete wavelet transform. The algorithm is advanced in the sense that it uses optimized threshold values for power swing and fault identification by application of Honey Bee Optimization Algorithm whose input is the wavelet energy of first and eighth decomposition level of voltage and current signal, respectively, for threshold calculation. A special type Battle Lemarie mother wavelet is carefully chosen due to its ability to speedily capture transient frequencies along with its location. The proposed advanced algorithm successfully detects swings generated due to all possible cases including fault occurrence in neighboring line, sudden rise in line load, change in rotor angle of two end generators and loss of generator. All types of faults with variable fault resistance and fault location and slow as well as fast swings are efficiently detected by the proposed advanced algorithm in minimum time of 1 ms. The results are tested on a typical 400 kV parallel transmission line power system network and verified using WSCC 3-machine, 9 bus system both developed in MATLAB environment.

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Abbreviations

\({\Psi }_{j,k}(t)\) :

Wavelet function

\({\Phi }_{j,k}(t)\) :

Scaling function

\(Th1(opt)\) :

Optimized fault threshold

\(Th2(opt)\) :

Optimized power swing threshold

\({c}_{j}\left(n\right)\) :

Wavelet scaling coefficient

\({d}_{j}\left(n\right)\) :

Wavelet detail coefficient

\(h(n)\) :

High pass filter

\(g(n)\) :

Low pass filter

\(\Delta {E}_{n}\) :

Change in wavelet energy of nth level coefficient

PSB:

Power swing blocking

PSDB:

Power swing de-blocking

DWT:

Discrete wavelet transform

HBOA:

Honey Bee Optimization Algorithm

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India

    Sonali Mayuresh Akolkar & Hitesh R. Jariwala

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  1. Sonali Mayuresh Akolkar
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  2. Hitesh R. Jariwala
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Correspondence to Sonali Mayuresh Akolkar.

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Akolkar, S.M., Jariwala, H.R. An Advanced Transmission Line Protection Algorithm to Detect Power Swing and Fault Using Speedy Wavelet. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Electr Eng 46, 701–711 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40998-022-00508-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40998-022-00508-2

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