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Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement Within a Square Duct Twisted Clockwise–Counterclockwise

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Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of water inside the twisted clockwise–counterclockwise square duct are numerically studied. Numerical studies were conducted for water with uniform wall temperature boundary conditions, twist ratios of 20, 16.5, 11.5, 8.5, and Reynolds number 100–2000. Laminar to turbulent flow transition point was identified. The results of the Nusselt number and the friction factor obtained in this study were compared with the results obtained from the correlation of a straight square channel for the same working fluid as water. The results show a significant improvement in Nusselt number. Friction factor in both laminar and also in turbulent flow regime is obtained and compared to the straight square duct for the studied Reynolds number. It was found that the Nusselt number increases by decreasing the twist ratios from 16.5 to 8.5 and by increasing the twist ratios from 16.5 to 20. To compare twisted and straight ducts, an enhancement factor or quantity is calculated based on constant pumping power criteria. Performance evaluation criteria show that the twisted duct performs well up to the Reynolds number of 2000. Finally, the correlations are developed for the Nusselt number and friction factor involving swirl parameters for Reynolds number 100–2000. The friction factor that found in this study is much lower than the values of friction factor obtained from the previous correlations of straight square duct for the entire range of Reynolds number studied.

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Abbreviations

f :

Average value of friction factor

Tr:

Twisting ratio,(P/\(d_h\))

h :

Heat transfer coefficient, W/\(m^2\)K

\(k_\text {f}\) :

Conductivity of base fluid, W/mK

\(C_p\) :

Specific heat, J/Kg K

\(d_\text {h}\) :

Hydraulic diameter, m

L:

Periodic length, m

A:

Twisted model’s area, \(m^2\)

\(\dot{m}_c\) :

Rate of flow of cold water, Kg/sec

\(Q_c\) :

Cold water’s heat capacity, W

\(\dot{m}_h\) :

Warm water’s rate of flow of mass, Kg/sec

\(Q_h\) :

Hot water’s heat capacity, W

\(q^{'}\) :

Twist wall’s heat flux, W/\(m^2\)

Re:

Reynolds number,(\(\rho\) \(v_m\)d/\(\mu\))

CW:

Clockwise

Nu:

Dimensionless local Nusselt number

CCW:

Counterclockwise

T:

Temperature at the wall of twisting duct, K

P:

Channel’s pitch, m

\(P_r\) :

Prandtl number, dimensionless

\(T_{\text {hi}}\) :

Hot fluid’s inlet temperature, K

V:

Fluid’s velocity, m/sec

\(T_{\text {ho}}\) :

Exit temperature of hot fluid, K

\(T_{\text {ci}}\) :

Cold fluid’s inlet temperature, K

\(T_{\text {co}}\) :

Cold fluid’s outlet temperature, K

\(d_i\) :

Twisted duct’s inner diameter, m

\(d_o\) :

Twisted duct’s outer diameter, m

\(D_i\) :

Cylinder’s Inner diameter, m

\(D_o\) :

Cylinder’s outer diameter, m

SSD:

Square straight channel, m

\(k_{\text {hw}}\) :

Conductivity of hot water, W/m K

\(T_{\text {CW-CCW}}SD\) :

Twisted clockwise–counterclockwise square duct

\(T_{\text {K.E}}\) :

Turbulent kinetic energy (\(\kappa\))

\(T_{\text {cf}}\) :

Cold fluid’s temperature, K

\(T_{\text {stl}}\) :

Solid lower surface temperature of duct, K

\(T_{\text {stu}}\) :

Solid upper surface temperature of duct, K

\(T_{\text {hw}}\) :

Hot water temperature fluid, K

b:

Fluid’s bulk temperature

m:

Mean

i:

Inlet

w:

Wall

o:

Outlet

\(\tau\) :

Shear stress, N/\(m^2\)

\(\mu\) :

Dynamic viscosity, N-sec/\(m^2\)

\(\rho\) :

Density of fluid, kg/\(m^3\)

\(\nabla\) :

Operator (vector calculus)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Parala Maharaja Engineering College, Berhampur, Ganjam, 761003, India

    Shambhu Kumar Mahato, Sagar Kumar Murmu, Baisalini Sethi, Kamala kanta sahoo & Sibasis Harihar Sahu

  2. National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, 713209, west Bengal, India

    Ravi Kant Singh

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  1. Shambhu Kumar Mahato
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  2. Ravi Kant Singh
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  3. Sagar Kumar Murmu
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Correspondence to Shambhu Kumar Mahato.

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Mahato, S.K., Singh, R.K., Murmu, S.K. et al. Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement Within a Square Duct Twisted Clockwise–Counterclockwise. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Mech Eng 47, 1365–1377 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-023-00607-3

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