Skip to main content
Log in

Compressive Strength of FRP-Reinforced and Confined Concrete Columns

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Nowadays, the practice of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) as an internal reinforcement and external wrapping has been expanded in the construction industry. No theoretical model for estimating the compressive strength (CS) of FRP bars reinforced concrete (RC) columns wrapped with FRP sheets (FRCFS columns) has been found in the literature. The main goal of the current research work is to recommend a new theoretical model for estimating the CS of FRCFS columns. To secure the aims of the present work, the previous research works were employed to construct two different records. The first record consists of 500 sample points of FRP-wrapped concrete specimens, and the second record consists of 269 sample points of FRP bars RC columns. Some initial assessments were carried out on the collected records to select the most suitable forms of the recommended models for FRP-wrapping and CS of FRP bars RC columns. The estimations of these models presented higher accuracy as compared with the previously recommended models. Finally, a new theoretical model was recommended for the CS of FRCFS columns. Then, an extensive parametric study of 216 specimens of FRCFS columns was carried out using the recommended theoretical model.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AASHTO (2018) AASHTO LRFD bridge design guide specifications for GFRP-reinforced concrete

  • Abdelazim W, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B, Afifi MZ (2020a) Effect of critical test parameters on behavior of glass fiber-reinforced polymer-reinforced concrete slender columns under eccentric load. ACI Struct J 117(4):127–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Abdelazim W, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B, Nolan S (2020b) Strength of bridge high-strength concrete slender compression members reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals: experiments and second-order analysis. J Bridge Eng 25(9):04020066

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ACI (2011a) Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary. UACI, Farmington Hills, pp 318–411

    Google Scholar 

  • ACI (2002) Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures. 440

  • ACI Committee 318–11 (2011b) American concrete institute. Farmington Hills, MI, p 473

    Google Scholar 

  • Afifi MZ, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B (2013a) Axial capacity of circular concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals. J Compos Constr 18(1):04013017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Afifi MZ, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B (2013b) Strength and axial behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with CFRP bars and spirals. J Compos Constr 18(2):04013035

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Afifi MZ, Mohamed HM, Chaallal O, Benmokrane B (2014) Confinement model for concrete columns internally confined with carbon FRP spirals and hoops. J Struct Eng 141(9):04014219

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Nimry H, Neqresh M (2019) Confinement effects of unidirectional CFRP sheets on axial and bending capacities of square RC columns. Eng Struct 196:109329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bagheri M, Chahkandi A, Jahangir H (2019) Seismic reliability analysis of RC frames rehabilitated by glass fiber-reinforced polymers. Int J Civ Eng 17(11):1785–1797

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Canadian Standards Association (2012a) Canadian standards association, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 177 pp. 48

  • Canadian Standards Association (2019) Canadian highway bridge design code (CAN/CSA S6-19). Toronto, Ontario

  • Canadian Standards Association (CSA) (2012b) Design and construction of building components with fiber reinforced polymers. CAN/CSAS806–12

  • Dadvar SA, Mostofinejad D, Bahmani H (2020) Strengthening of RC columns by ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) jacketing. Constr Build Mater 235:117485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Luca A, Matta F, Nanni A (2010) Behavior of full-scale glass fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete columns under axial load. ACI Struct J 107(5):589

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong M, Elchalakani M, Karrech A, Pham TM, Yang B (2019) Glass fibre-reinforced polymer circular alkali-activated fly ash/slag concrete members under combined loading. Eng Struct 199:109598

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elchalakani M, Dong M, Karrech A, Li G, Mohamed Ali MS, Yang B (2019) Experimental investigation of rectangular air-cured geopolymer concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and stirrups. J Compos Constr 23(3):04019011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elchalakani M, Ma G (2017) Tests of glass fibre reinforced polymer rectangular concrete columns subjected to concentric and eccentric axial loading. Eng Struct 151:93–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elchalakani M, Ma G, Aslani F, Duan W (2017) Design of GFRP-reinforced rectangular concrete columns under eccentric axial loading. Mag Concr Res 69(17):865–877

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elmessalami N, Refai AE, Abed F (2019) Fiber-reinforced polymers bars for compression reinforcement: a promising alternative to steel bars. Constr Build Mater 209:725–737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elshamandy MG, Farghaly AS, Benmokrane B (2018) Experimental behavior of glass fiber-reinforced polymer-reinforced concrete columns under lateral cyclic load. ACI Struct J 115(2):337–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fardis MN, Khalili HH (1982) FRP-encased concrete as a structural material. Mag Concr Res 34(121):191–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hadhood A, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B (2016) Axial load–moment interaction diagram of circular concrete columns reinforced with CFRP bars and spirals: experimental and theoretical investigations. J Compos Constr 21(2):04016092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hadhood A, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B, Nanni A, Shield CK (2019) Assessment of design guidelines of concrete columns reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars. ACI Struct J 116(4):193–207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hadi MN, Khan QS, Sheikh MN (2016) Axial and flexural behavior of unreinforced and FRP bar reinforced circular concrete filled FRP tube columns. Constr Build Mater 122:43–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hasan HA, Sheikh MN, Hadi MN (2019) Maximum axial load carrying capacity of fibre reinforced-polymer (FRP) bar reinforced concrete columns under axial compression. Structures 19:227–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hassan A, Khairallah F, Mamdouh H, Kamal M (2018) Evaluation of self-compacting concrete columns reinforced with steel and FRP bars with different strengthening techniques. Structures 15:82–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosseini SM, Mostofinejad D, Saljoughian A, Nader Tehrani B (2020) Seismic retrofit of square RC short columns with shear-flexural failure mode via CFRP composites using different confinement techniques. J Compos Constr 24(4):04020029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karbhari VM, Gao Y (1997) Composite jacketed concrete under uniaxial compression—Verification of simple design equations. J Mater Civ Eng 9(4):185–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karim H, Sheikh MN, Hadi MNS (2016) Axial load-axial deformation behaviour of circular concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and helices. Constr Build Mater 112:1147–1157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan QS, Sheikh MN, Hadi MNS (2016) Axial-flexural interactions of GFRP-CFFT columns with and without reinforcing GFRP bars. J Compos Constr 21(3):04016109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khorramian K, Sadeghian P (2017) Experimental and analytical behavior of short concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars under eccentric loading. Eng Struct 151:761–773

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lam L, Teng JG (2003) Design-oriented stress–strain model for FRP-confined concrete. Constr Build Mater 17(6–7):471–489

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lim JC, Karakus M, Ozbakkaloglu T (2016) Evaluation of ultimate conditions of FRP-confined concrete columns using genetic programming. Comput Struct 162:28–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lim JC, Ozbakkaloglu T (2014) Confinement model for FRP-confined high-strength concrete. J Compos Constr 18(4):04013058

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mai AD, Sheikh MN, Hadi MN (2018) Influence of the location of CFRP strips on the behaviour of partially wrapped square reinforced concrete columns under axial compression. Structures 15:131–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mai AD, Sheikh MN, Yamakado K, Hadi MN (2020) Nonuniform CFRP wrapping to prevent sudden failure of FRP confined square RC columns. J Compos Constr 24(6):04020063

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mander JB, Priestley MJ, Park R (1988) Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete. J Struct Eng 114(8):1804–1826

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matthys S, Toutanji H, Audenaert K, Taerwe L (2005) Axial load behavior of large-scale columns confined with fiber-reinforced polymer composites. ACI Struct J 102(2):258

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyauchi K (1997) Estimation of strengthening effects with carbon fiber sheet for concrete column. In Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on non-metallic (FRP) reinforcement for concrete structures. Japan concrete institute

  • Mohamed H, Afifi MZ, Benmokrane B (2014a) Performance evaluation of concrete columns reinforced longitudinally with FRP bars and confined with FRP hoops and spirals under axial load. J Bridge Eng 19(7):04014020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B (2013) Design and performance of reinforced concrete water chlorination tank totally reinforced with GFRP bars: case study. J Compos Constr 18(1):05013001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B (2016) Reinforced concrete beams with and without FRP web reinforcement under pure torsion. J Bridge Eng 21(3):04015070

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed HM, Chaallal O, Benmokrane B (2014b) Torsional moment capacity and failure mode mechanisms of concrete beams reinforced with carbon FRP bars and stirrups. J Compos Constr 19(2):04014049

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moshiri N, Hosseini A, Mostofinejad D (2015) Strengthening of RC columns by longitudinal CFRP sheets: effect of strengthening technique. Constr Build Mater 79:318–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mostofinejad D, Ilia E (2014) Confining of square RC columns with FRP sheets using corner strip-batten technique. Constr Build Mater 70:269–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mostofinejad D, Moshiri N (2015) Compressive strength of CFRP composites used for strengthening of RC columns: comparative evaluation of EBR and Grooving Methods. J Compos Constr 19(5):04014079

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mostofinejad D, Torabian A (2016) Experimental study of circular RC columns strengthened with longitudinal CFRP composites under eccentric loading: comparative evaluation of EBR and EBROG methods. J Compos Constr 20(2):04015055

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naderpour H, Mirrashid M (2020) Confinement coefficient predictive modeling of FRP-confined RC columns. Adv Civ Eng Mater 9(1):1–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman K, Newman JB (1971) Failure theories and design criteria for plain concrete. Struct Solid Mech Eng Design 36:963–995

    Google Scholar 

  • Pantelides CP, Gibbons ME, Reaveley LD (2013) Axial load behavior of concrete columns confined with GFRP spirals. J Compos Constr 17(3):305–313

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rasouli M, Broujerdian V, Kazemnadi A (2020) Predicting the compressive stress-strain curve of FRP-confined concrete column considering the variation of Poisson’s ratio. Int J Civ Eng 18:1–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raza A, Ali B, Rehman A (2020a) Structural performance of steel-tube concrete columns confined with CFRPs: numerical and theoretical study. Iran J S Technol Trans Civ Eng 1–18

  • Raza A, Khan QUZ, Ahmad A (2020b) Investigation of HFRC columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals under concentric and eccentric loadings. Eng Struct 227:111461

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raza A, Khan QuZ, Ahmad A (2020c) Reliability analysis of proposed capacity equation for predicting the behavior of steel-tube concrete columns confined with CFRP sheets. Comput Concr 25(5):383–400

    Google Scholar 

  • Raza A, Khan QUZ, Ahmad A (2020d) Prediction of axial compressive strength for FRP-Confined concrete compression members. KSCE J Civ Eng 24(7):2099–2109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raza A, Rafique U (2020) Efficiency of GFRP bars and hoops in recycled aggregate concrete columns: experimental and numerical study. Compos Struct 255:112986

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richart FE, Brandtzæg A, and Brown RL (1929) Failure of plain and spirally reinforced concrete in compression. University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, College of Engineering

  • Saafi M, Toutanji H, Li Z (1999) Behavior of concrete columns confined with fiber reinforced polymer tubes. Mater J 96(4):500–509

    Google Scholar 

  • Sadeghian P, Fam A (2015) Improved design-oriented confinement models for FRP-wrapped concrete cylinders based on statistical analyses. Eng Struct 87:162–182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saljoughian A, Mostofinejad D, Hosseini SM (2019) CFRP confinement in retrofitted RC columns via CSB technique under reversed lateral cyclic loading. Mater Struct 52(4):67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saljoughian A, Mostofinejad D (2017) Rectangular reinforced concrete columns strengthened with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer sheets using corner stripbatten method. ACI Struct J 114(3):659–671

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samaan M, Mirmiran A, Shahawy M (1998) Model of concrete confined by fiber composites. J Struct Eng 124(9):1025–1031

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samani AK, Attard MMA (2012) Stress–strain model for uniaxial and confined concrete under compression. Eng Struct 41:335–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tabatabaei A, Eslami A, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B (2018) Strength of compression lap-spliced GFRP bars in concrete columns with different splice lengths. Constr Build Mater 182:657–669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tabatabaei A, Mohamed HM, Eslami A, Benmokrane B (2020) Proposed design equations for lap splice of glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars under compression in concrete. ACI Struct J 117(2):291–302

    Google Scholar 

  • Teng JG, Jiang T, Lam L, Luo YZ (2009) Refinement of a design-oriented stress–strain model for FRP-confined concrete. J Compos Constr 13(4):269–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tobbi H, Farghaly AS, Benmokrane B (2012) Concrete columns reinforced longitudinally and transversally with glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars. ACI Struct J 109(4):551–558

    Google Scholar 

  • Tobbi H, Farghaly AS, Benmokrane B (2014) Behavior of concentrically loaded fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete columns with varying reinforcement types and ratios. ACI Struct J 111(2):375–386

    Google Scholar 

  • Tošić N, de la Fuente A, Marinković S (2018) Shrinkage of recycled aggregate concrete: experimental database and application of fib Model Code 2010. Mater Struct 51(5):126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toutanji H (1999) Stress-strain characteristics of concrete columns externally confined with advanced fiber composite sheets. Mater J 96(3):397–404

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Cao V, Pham SQ (2019) Comparison of CFRP and GFRP wraps on reducing seismic damage of deficient reinforced concrete structures. Int J Civ Eng 17(11):1667–1681

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xue W, Hu X, Fang Z (2014) Experimental studies of GFRP reinforced concrete columns under static eccentric loading. In 7th international conference on fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in civil engineering (CICE 2014), International institute for FRP in construction (IIFC), Kingston, ON, Canada

  • Zadeh HJ, Nanni A (2012) Design of RC columns using glass FRP reinforcement. J Compos Constr 17(3):294–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ali Raza.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Supplementary information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Raza, A., Ali, B. & Haq, F.U. Compressive Strength of FRP-Reinforced and Confined Concrete Columns. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng 46, 271–284 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-020-00570-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-020-00570-y

Keywords

Navigation