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Rapid Crystal Structural, Optical and Morphological Studies of Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and their Photocatalytic Activity

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Abstract

In the present work, we report a green synthesis of cobalt oxide (Co3O4), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and cobalt-doped bismuth oxide (Co-doped BiO) nanoparticles using Bambusa seed extract. The green synthesized nanoparticles are characterized using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The phase purity of the synthesized nanoparticles is confirmed with the aid of XRD analysis, and the crystallite sizes are found to be 10.42 nm, 18.85 nm and 61.23 nm for Co3O4, Bi2O3 and Co-doped BiO nanoparticles, respectively. Bond length calculations and functional group analysis are done by FTIR technique. The UV–visible analysis depicts higher optical absorption and band gaps varying from 1.81, 2.65 and 1.87 eV for Co3O4, Bi2O3 and Co-doped BiO nanoparticles, respectively. Changes in the surface morphology are observed from FESEM analysis. In addition, the samples' catalytic efficiency in the breakdown of methylene blue (MB) dye was studied and the effects of various process parameters on the extent of dye removals such as photocatalyst amount, irradiation period, the concentration of dye and pH of the solution were also studied. The pseudo-first-order MB photocatalytic decomposition kinetic model has a high correlation coefficient value (R2 > 0.95). The findings support the use of a Co-doped BiO in the field of photocatalytic applications under natural sunlight.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Department of Chemistry at V.O. Chidambaram College for providing FTIR and UV. The authors are thankful to Avinashilingam University in Coimbatore for providing FESEM. The authors express gratitude to the administration of V.O. Chidambaram College for providing the necessary supplies for this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. V.O.Chidambaram College, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, 628 008, India

    S. Arul Vathana & K. Amudhavalli

  2. MVJ College of Engineering (Autonomous, Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum), Bengaluru, 560067, India

    T. Daniel

  3. Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 012, India

    S. Arul Vathana & K. Amudhavalli

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Correspondence to S. Arul Vathana.

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Vathana, S.A., Amudhavalli, K. & Daniel, T. Rapid Crystal Structural, Optical and Morphological Studies of Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and their Photocatalytic Activity. Iran J Sci 47, 1407–1420 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-023-01483-x

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