Abstract
A vertex coloring of a graph G is distinguishing if non-identity automorphisms do not preserve it. The distinguishing number, D(G), is the minimum number of colors required for such a coloring and the distinguishing threshold, \(\theta (G)\), is the minimum number of colors k such that any arbitrary k-coloring is distinguishing. Moreover, \(\Phi _k (G)\) is the number of distinguishing coloring of G using at most k colors. In this paper, for some graph operations, namely, vertex-sum, rooted product, corona product and lexicographic product, we find formulae of the distinguishing number and threshold using \(\Phi _k (G)\).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmadi B, Alinaghipour F, Shekarriz MH (2020) Number of distinguishing colorings and partitions. Discrete Math 1 343(9):111984
Albertson MO, Collins KL (1996) Symmetry breaking in graphs. Electron J Comb 3(1):R18
Alikhani S, Shekarriz MH (2021) Symmetry breaking indices for the Cartesian product of graphs. Preprint available on arXiv:2108:00635
Alikhani S, Soltani S (2017) Distinguishing number and distinguishing index of certain graphs. Filomat 31(14):4393–4404
Alikhani S, Soltani S (2018) The distinguishing number and distinguishing index of the lexicographic product of two graphs. Discuss Math Graph Theory 38:853–865
Alikhani S, Soltani S, Khalaf AJ (2016) Distinguishing number and distinguishing index of join of two specific graphs. Adv Appl Discrete Math 17(4):467–485
Babai L (1977) Asymmetric trees with two prescribed degrees. Acta Math Acad Sci Hung 29(1–2):193–200
Barioli F, Fallat S, Hogben L (2004) Computation of minimal rank and path cover number for certain graphs. Linear Algebra Appl 392:289–303
Bogstad B, Cowen L (2004) The distinguishing number of hypercubes. Discrete Math 283:29–35
Diestel R (2017) Graph theory. Graduate texts in mathematics, vol 173, 5th edn. Springer, Berlin
Estaji E, Imrich W, Kalinowski R, Pilśniak M, Tucker T (2017) Distinguishing Cartesian products of countable graphs. Discuss Math Graph Theory 37:155–164
Godsil CD, McKay BD (1978) A new graph product and its spectrum. Bull Aust Math Soc 18(1):2128
Hammack R, Imrich W, Klavžar S (2011) Handbook of product graphs, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Hemminger R (1968) The group of an x-join of graphs. J Comb Theory 5:408–418
Huang LH, Chang G, Yeh HG (2010) On minimum rank and zero forcing sets of a graph. Linear Algebra Appl 432:2961–2973
Imrich W, Klavžar S (2006) Distinguishing Cartesian powers of graphs. J Graph Theory 53:250–260
Imrich W, Jerebic J, Klavžar S (2008) The distinguishing number of Cartesian products of complete graphs. Eur J Comb 29(4):922–929
Sabidussi G (1961) The lexicographic product of graphs. Duke Math J 28(4):573–578
Shekarriz MH, Ahmadi B, Shirazi SA Talebpour, Shirdareh Haghighi MH (2022) Distinguishing threshold of graphs. To appear in the Journal of Graph Theory
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the referees for their careful reading and helpful comments. The research of the first author was in part supported by a grant from Yazd University research council as Post-doc research project.
Funding
The authors have not disclosed any funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Shekarriz, M.H., Talebpour, S.A., Ahmadi, B. et al. Distinguishing Threshold for Some Graph Operations. Iran J Sci 47, 199–209 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-022-01379-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-022-01379-2