Abstract
Roadway instability and reinforcement in rock mess was one of the challenging problems during excavation. In this paper, first, recent developments of the Graphics Processing Units (GPU) paralleled combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM) in large-scale computing were presented. New algorithms of contact search and contact detection are proposed for general-purpose computing on GPU by improving original serial algorithms to parallel programs using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). The proposed contact search algorithm is fully parallelized with CUDA and is not sensitive to mesh size distribution, improving large-scale rock fracture computational efficiency. Second, simulation methods of bolting and grouting, the most extensively used for rock reinforcement in engineering practice, were presented. Computation principle and implementation of bolt model via cohesive element modeling and grouting reinforced model of setting mechanical properties of grout slurry on failure cohesive element (named joint element) was developed. Model parameters are determined by using mechanical models, numerical modeling, and lab test. Third, several algorithmic improvements have been implemented to specifically address a broad range of engineering practices, including in situ stress initialization routine, 2D excavation method, post-processing based on Tecplot, and intermediate output. Based on this, the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms are validated by a numerical example. Comparison results clearly illustrate the effectiveness of the developed contact search algorithm and rock reinforcement methods in FDEM, which provides the ability to rock reinforcement in FDEM in terms of computing power. This study makes an effective improvement in the computational ability to rock reinforcement into FDEM in engineering practice.
Article highlights
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New algorithms of contact detection are proposed for GPU parallel computing by improving original serial algorithms to parallel programs, and the proposed contact detection algorithm is fully parallelized with CUDA and is not sensitive to mesh size distribution, improving large-scale rock fracture computational efficiency.
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Simulation methods of bolt model via cohesive element modeling and grouting reinforced model of setting mechanical properties of grout slurry on failure cohesive element (named joint element) were presented, and model parameters are determined by using mechanical models, numerical modeling, and lab test.
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The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms are validated by a numerical example, which provides the ability to rock reinforcement in FDEM in terms of computing power.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52204109, 52074209, 41907256), Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2022JQ-333, 2022JQ-349), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Safety and Durability of Concrete Structures (Grant No. SZ02202). We also sincerely appreciate the time and effort of the lab manager.
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Wang, W., Ding, Z., Ma, H. et al. Simulation analysis on bolting and grouting reinforcement of fractured rock using GPU parallel FDEM. Geomech. Geophys. Geo-energ. Geo-resour. 8, 175 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-022-00488-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-022-00488-x