Abstract
A technology has been proposed for the integrated development of low-temperature geothermal resources for using their thermal and water potentials for various purposes. The possibility is substantiated for efficient development of geothermal resources by construction of binary geothermal power plants (GeoPP) using idle oil and gas wells that will significantly reduce capital investments for their building. The East Ciscaucasian artesian basin situated in the South European part of Russia has a number of fields with idle wells that can be converted to thermal water production. Involving the entire fund of idle wells will make it possible to obtain up to 300 MW of summary net capacity at a geothermal power plant. This work proposes a deployment of hybrid technology of geothermal power plant coupled with combined cycle plant of gas turbine type (further GCP) for the effective utilization of medium-temperature thermal waters (80–100 °C). These technologies are shown to be promising for using such water for electricity generating with high efficiency. A comparative analysis was carried out for GeoPP and GCP operating on medium-temperature water, which has shown the advantage of the latter. According to the calculations, the implementation of hybrid technology at the Thernair field in Makhachkala town will make it possible to get a power plant capacity of up to 60 MW. The prospects of integrated processing of high-temperature geothermal brines are shown. The technological diagrams are presented where the electricity generated at a binary GeoPP is used in the unit for the chemical components extraction. The estimated parameters for the Berikey geothermal field are given. The proven reserves of the Berikey field thermal brines are shown to be promising for output more than 2000 tons of lithium carbonate annually. The prospects of integrated processing of high-temperature geothermal brines in the Tarumovka geothermal field have been presented. The thermal energy of the geothermal brine can be converted into electricity in a binary geothermal power plant using a low-boiling working agent. The Rankine thermodynamic cycles have been considered realized in the secondary circuit of the GeoPP at different temperatures of evaporation of the working agent isobutane. The most effective in terms of maximum power generation is a supercritical cycle, close to the so-called “triangular” cycle with an evaporation pressure pe = 5.0 MPa. The spent brine with a low temperature from the GeoPP will go to a chemical plant, where the main chemical components, namely, lithium carbonate, magnesia, calcium carbonate and sodium chloride will be extracted according to the developed by us technology for the integrated utilization of hydrothermal brines. For the production of valuable inorganic materials, the electricity generated at the GeoPP may be applied. The need is shown in the priority integrated processing the associated highly saline brines of the Yuzhno-Sukhokumsk group of oil and gas wells in Northern Dagestan. At present, the associated brines with a radioactive background exceeding permissible standards are dumped onto surface filtration fields. Technological solutions for their decontamination and development have been proposed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alkhasov AB (2008) Geothermal energy: problems, resources, technology. Fizmatlit, Moscow
Alkhasov AB (2010) Use of geothermal energy to generate electricity. Proc Russ Acad Sci Power Eng 1:59–72 (In Russian)
Alkhasov AB (2012) Renewable energy, 2nd edn. Fizmatlit, Moscow
Alkhasov AB (2018) Technologies for the comprehensive exploitation of the geothermal resources of the North Caucasus Region. Therm Eng 65(3):151–154. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601518030023
Alkhasov AB, Alkhasova DA (2011) Harnessing the geothermal resources of sedimentary basins for electricity production. Therm Eng 58(2):153–161. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601511020029
Alkhasov AB, Alkhasova DA (2018) Evaluating the effect from constructing binary geothermal power units based on spent petroleum and gas boreholes in the South Regions of Russia. Therm Eng 65(2):98–105. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601518020015
Alkhasov AB, Alishaev MG, Alkhasova DA, Kaimarazov AG, Ramazanov MM (2012) In: Fortov VE (ed) Development of low-temperature geothermal heat. Moscow, Fizmatlit
Alkhasov AB, Alkhasova DA, RamazanovASh KM (2015) Prospects of the complex development of highly parameter geothermal brines. Therm Eng 62(6):396–402. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601515060014
Alkhasov AB, Alkhasova DA, RamazanovASh KM (2016) Prospects of development of highly mineralized high-temperature resources of the tarumovskoye geothermal field. Therm Eng 63(6):404–408. https://doi.org/10.1134/S004060151606001X
Alkhasov AB, Alkhasova DA, RamazanovASh KM (2017) Technologies for the exploration of highly mineralized geothermal resources. Therm Eng 64(9):637–643. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601517090014
Bertani R (2010) Geothermal power generation in the world 2005–2010 update report. In: Proceedings of world geothermal congress-2010. Bali, Indonesia
Falcone G, Liu X, Okech RR, Seyidov F, Teodoriu C (2018) Assessment of deep geothermal energy exploitation methods: the need for novel single-well solutions. Energy 160:54–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.144
Gharibi S, Mortezazadeh E, Hashemi Aghcheh Bodi SJ, Vatani A (2018) Feasibility study of geothermal heat extraction from abandoned oil wells using a U-tube heat exchanger. Energy 153:554–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.04.003
Jiang P, Li X, Xu R, Zhang F (2016) Heat extraction of novel underground well pattern systems for geothermal energy exploitation. Renew Energy 90:83–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.12.062
Kaya E, Zarrouk SJ, O’Sullivan MJ (2011) Reinjection in geothermal fields: a review of worldwide experience. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 15(1):47–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.032
Kurbanov MK (2001) Geothermal and hydromineral resources of the Eastern Caucasus and Ciscaucasia. Nauka, Moscow
Ozdemir A, Yasar E, Cevik G (2017) An importance of the geological investigations in Kavaklıdere geothermal field (Turkey). Geomech Geophys Geo-energy Geo-resour 3:29–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-016-0044-0
Ramazanov A, Kasparova M, Sarayeva AA, Ramazanov O, Akhmedov M (2016) Solution of environmental problems in the integrated use of geothermal salt waters of Northern Dagestan. South of Russia: Ecol, Dev 11(4):129–138. https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2016-4-129-138
Rybach L (2010) Status and prospects of geothermal energy. In: Proceeding of world geothermal congress-2010. Bali, Indonesia
Shortall R, Davidsdottir B, Axelsson G (2015) Geothermal energy for sustainable development: a review of sustainability impacts and assessment frameworks. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 44:391–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.12.020
Song X, Shi Y, Li G, Shen Z, Hu X, Lyu L, Zheng R, Wang G (2018) Numerical analysis of the heat production performance of a closed loop geothermal system. Renew Energy 120:365–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.12.065
Tomarov G, Nikol’skii A, Semenov V, Shipkov A, Parshin B (2012) Trends and prospects of development of geothermal power engineering. Therm Eng 59(11):831–840
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alkhasov, A.B., Alkhasova, D.A. & Ramazanov, A.S. Technologies of geothermal resources development in South of Russia. Geomech. Geophys. Geo-energ. Geo-resour. 6, 7 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-019-00129-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-019-00129-w