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Removal of As(III) and As(V) from wastewater using Corynebacterium glutamicum MTCC 2745 immobilized on Sawdust/MnFe2O4 composite: kinetic, mechanistic and thermodynamic modelling

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Abstract

The present study has dealt with the design of simultaneous biosorption and bioaccumulation (SBB) batch system for As(III) and As(V) ions removal from wastewater. Sawdust/MnFe2O4 composite was used as carrier to immobilize Corynebacterium glutamicum MTCC 2745. This methodology was adopted for SBB of arsenic from wastewater. The biosorption capacity of immobilized bacterial cells was 45.43478 and 47.42308 mg/g for As(III) and As(V), respectively, at optimum contact time of 240 min and temperature 30 °C. The existence of functional groups on the cell wall surface of biomass that may interact with As(III) and As(V) was proved by FTIR and SEM–EDX. The results showed that Brouers–Weron–Sotolongo and fractal-like pseudo-second-order models for both As(III) and As(V) were capable to deliver realistic explanation of biosorption/bioaccumulation kinetic. Applicability of mechanistic models in the present study showed that the rate-controlling step in biosorption/bioaccumulation of both As(III) and As(V) was film diffusion rather than intraparticle diffusion. The suitability of proposed model indicated that biosorption/bioaccumulation of As(III) and As(V) ions on the surface of SBB biomass was chemisorptive and exothermic in nature. The use of 0.1% (v/v) formaldehyde as a disinfecting agent inhibited the growth of bacteria existing in the final wastewater discarded.

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Abbreviations

a E :

Elovich coefficient representing the initial adsorption rate (mg/g min)

b E :

Elovich coefficient representing desorption constant (g/mg)

A :

The frequency factor

B bt :

A mathematical function of F (F = q t /q e)

C 0 :

Initial concentration of arsenic in the solution (mg/L)

C e :

Equilibrium concentration of arsenic in the solution (mg/L)

C s :

The concentration of arsenic on the adsorbent and in the solution (mg/L)

C int :

The intercept of the intraparticle diffusion plot (mg/g)

d :

The thickness of the water film adhered to the adsorbent (cm)

D 1 :

Film diffusion constant (cm2/s)

D 2 :

Pore diffusion constant (cm2/s)

D e :

Diffusivity (m2/s)

D f :

Film diffusion coefficient (cm2/s)

D p :

Pore diffusion coefficient (cm2/s)

E a :

The activation energy of adsorption characterizing the distribution (kJ/mol)

F :

The adsorption progress (F = q t /q e)

f 2 :

The involvement of pseudo-second-order model

f eq :

The Langmuir batch equilibrium factor

h :

The initial adsorption rate (mg/g min)

k′1,0 :

The fractal-like mixed 1,2-order rate coefficient (1/min)α

k′2R :

The modified second-order rate coefficient (1/min)

k″2R :

The Ritchie second-order rate coefficient (1/min)

k AV :

The Avrami kinetic rate coefficient (1/min)

k a,obs :

The acquired rate coefficients of adsorption

k d,obs :

The acquired rate coefficients of desorption

k b :

The Bangham model constant (mL/g L)

k d :

The adsorption equilibrium constant (L/g)

k DW :

The Dumwald–Wagner rate constant (1/min)

k EXP :

The exponential rate coefficient (mg/g min)

k int :

The intraparticle diffusion rate coefficient (mg/g min0.5)

k M :

The film diffusion rate constant (1/min)

k MOE :

The mixed 1,2-order rate coefficient (1/min)

k nBWS,α :

The reaction constant (1/min)

k PF :

The fractional power model rate constant (mg/g min)

k PFO :

The pseudo-first-order rate coefficient (1/min)

k PSO :

The pseudo-second-order rate coefficient (g/mg min)

k′EXP :

Division of k EXP by q e (1/min)

k″EXP :

The fractal-like exponential rate coefficient (1/min)

k′PFO :

The fractal-like pseudo-first-order kinetic rate coefficient (1/min)

k′FPFO :

The fractal-like pseudo-first-order kinetic rate coefficient (1/min)α

k′FPSO :

The fractal-like pseudo-second-order kinetic rate coefficient (g/mg min)α

k′PSO :

Multiplication of q e and k PSO (1/min)

k″FPSO :

Multiplication of q e and k′FPSO (1/min)

m :

The weight of the adsorbent per litre of solution (g/L)

m b :

An integer that describes infinite series solution

n :

The number of observations in the experimental study

n AV :

Constant corresponding to the mechanism of adsorption

n BWS :

A fractional reaction order

n R :

Number of surface sites

p :

The number of parameters to be estimated

q e :

The amount of adsorbate adsorbed on the adsorbent surface at equilibrium (mg/g)

q m :

The adsorption capacity

q t :

The amount of adsorbate adsorbed on the adsorbent surface at time t (mg/g)

q t,exp :

The biosorption capacity observed from the batch experiment after time t (mg/g)

q t,model :

The calculation from the kinetic model corresponding to C t

r :

Mean radius of adsorbent particle (assumed spherical) (cm)

r a :

The rate of adsorption

r d :

The rate of desorption

R :

The universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol K)

R e :

% removal

t :

Contact time (min)

t (1/2) :

The time necessary for falling the adsorbate concentration to half the initial concentration (s)

t α :

A fractal time

T :

The absolute temperature (K)

u eq :

Relative equilibrium uptake

v :

Adjustment parameter

V :

The volume of the solution (mL)

α :

The fractal time exponent

α b :

Bangham model constant

θ :

The adsorbent surface coverage at pre-adsorbed stage (θ = q t /q e), dimensionless

θ 0 :

The adsorbent surface coverage at time t (θ 0 = q 0/q e), dimensionless

θ e :

The relative surface coverage at equilibrium

τ 1/2 :

Half-reaction time (min)

τ nBWS,α :

The time required for adsorbing half the maximum amount

ΔG 0 :

Gibbs free energy change (kJ/mol)

ΔH 0 :

Enthalpy change (kJ/mol)

ΔS 0 :

Entropy change (J/mol K)

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Acknowledgements

Our thanks to Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, for providing necessary facilities and to Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, for financial support. The thoughtful comments by Dr. Jim LaMoreaux, the Editor-in-Chief and one anonymous reviewer are highly appreciated.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India

    M. S. Podder & C. B. Majumder

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Podder, M.S., Majumder, C.B. Removal of As(III) and As(V) from wastewater using Corynebacterium glutamicum MTCC 2745 immobilized on Sawdust/MnFe2O4 composite: kinetic, mechanistic and thermodynamic modelling. Sustain. Water Resour. Manag. 3, 297–320 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-017-0097-4

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