Abstract
We use everywhere-convergent series for the height 1 multiple zeta functions \(\zeta (s,1,\ldots ,1)\) to determine the singular parts of their Laurent series at each of their poles, and give an expression for each first “Stieltjes constant” (i.e., the linear Laurent coefficient) as series involving the Bernoulli numbers of the second kind, generalizing the classical Mascheroni series for Euler’s constant \(\gamma \). The first Stieltjes constants at \(s=1\) and at \(s=0\) are then interpreted in terms of the Ramanujan summation of multiple harmonic star sums \(\zeta ^\star (1,\ldots ,1)\).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Akiyama, S., Egami, S., Tanigawa, Y.: Analytic continuation of multiple zeta-functions and their values at non-positive integers. Acta Arith. 98(2), 107–116 (2001)
Apostol, T.M., Vu, T.H.: Dirichlet series related to the Riemann zeta function. J. Number Theory 19(1), 85–102 (1984)
Arakawa, T., Kaneko, M.: Multiple zeta values, poly-Bernoulli numbers, and related zeta functions. Nagoya Math. J. 153, 189–209 (1999)
Arakawa, T., Kaneko, M.: On multiple \(L\)-values. J. Math. Soc. Japan 56(4), 967–991 (2004)
Berndt, B.C.: Ramanujan’s Notebooks. Springer, Berlin (1985)
Boyadzhiev, K.N.: A special constant and series with zeta values and harmonic numbers. Gaz. Mat. Ser. A 115, 1–16 (2018)
Boyadzhiev, K.N., Gadiyar, H.G., Padma, R.: The values of an Euler sum at the negative integers and a relation to a certain convolution of Bernoulli numbers. Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 45(2), 277–283 (2008)
Candelpergher, B.: Ramanujan Summation of Divergent Series. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 2185. Springer, Cham (2017)
Candelpergher, B., Coppo, M.-A.: Laurent expansion of harmonic zeta functions. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 491, 124309 (2020)
Candelpergher, B., Gadiyar, H.G., Padma, R.: Ramanujan summation and the exponential generating function \(\sum _{k=0}^\infty {z^k\over k!}\zeta ^{\prime }(-k)\). Ramanujan J. 21(1), 99–122 (2010)
Carlitz, L.: A note on Bernoulli and Euler polynomials of the second kind. Scripta Math. 25, 323–330 (1961)
Coppo, M.-A.: Produit harmonique, sommation de Ramanujan et fonctions zêta d’Arakawa–Kaneko. Mémoire d’Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches (2016)
Coppo, M.-A.: A note on some alternating series involving zeta and multiple zeta values. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 475(2), 1831–1841 (2019)
Coppo, M.-A.: New identities involving Cauchy numbers, harmonic numbers and zeta values. Results Math. 76(4), 189 (2021)
Coppo, M.-A.: Miscellaneous series identities with Cauchy and harmonic numbers and their interpretation as Ramanujan summation. Integers 23, 61 (2023)
Coppo, M.-A., Candelpergher, B.: A complement to Laurent expansion of harmonic zeta functions. Science 36, 2568 (2022)
Hessami Pilehrood, K., Hessami Pilehrood, T., Tauraso, R.: Multiple harmonic sums and multiple harmonic star sums are (nearly) never integers. Integers 17, Art. No. A10 (2017)
Kaneko, M., Sakata, M.: On multiple zeta values of extremal height. Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 93(2), 186–193 (2016)
Lagarias, J.C.: Euler’s constant: Euler’s work and modern developments. Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 50(4), 527–628 (2013)
Loeb, D.E., Rota, G.-C.: Formal power series of logarithmic type. Adv. Math. 75(1), 1–118 (1989)
Matsuoka, Y.: On the values of a certain Dirichlet series at rational integers. Tokyo J. Math. 5(2), 399–403 (1982)
Ohno, Y., Zagier, D.: Multiple zeta values of fixed weight, depth, and height. Indag. Math. (N.S.) 12(4), 483–487 (2001)
Roman, S.: The harmonic logarithms and the binomial formula. J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 63(1), 143–163 (1993)
Sesma, J.: The Roman harmonic numbers revisited. J. Number Theory 180, 544–565 (2017)
Sun, Z.-W.: Combinatorial identities in dual sequences. Eur. J. Combin. 24(6), 709–718 (2003)
Xu, C.: Explicit relations between multiple zeta values and related variants. Adv. Appl. Math. 130, 102245 (2021)
Young, P.T.: Rational series for multiple zeta and log gamma functions. J. Number Theory 133(12), 3995–4009 (2013)
Young, P.T.: Symmetries of Bernoulli polynomial series and Arakawa–Kaneko zeta functions. J. Number Theory 143, 142–161 (2014)
Zhao, J.: Multiple Zeta Functions, Multiple Polylogarithms, and Their Special Values. Series on Number Theory and its Applications, vol. 12. World Scientific, Hackensack (2016)
Zhao, J.: Analytic continuation of multiple zeta functions. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 128(5), 1275–1283 (2000)
Acknowledgements
The author thanks the reviewers of this manuscript for their helpful comments, and Marc-Antoine Coppo for helpful conversations. All numerical computation was done using the PARI-GP calculator created by C. Batut, K. Belabas, D. Bernardi, H. Cohen and M. Olivier.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Young, P.T. Global series for height 1 multiple zeta functions. European Journal of Mathematics 9, 99 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40879-023-00695-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40879-023-00695-0