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Relationship between root diameter and resistance of tropical chilli pepper genotypes to Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum

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Abstract

Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum is an important plant pathogenic bacterium that causes wilt disease in pepper plants. To manage this disease, one approach is to breed cultivars that are resistant to bacterial wilt through resistance development. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential correlation between the root xylem vessel diameter (XD) and resistance to R. pseudosolanacearum bacterial wilt in 50 tropical chili pepper genotypes. The experiment was performed by inoculating chili pepper seedlings with a mixture of nine isolates of R. pseudosolanacearum and using an alpha design with four replications. Furthermore, the seedlings of each genotype were sampled for the observation of XD. The results showed that 5, 4, 11, and 30 of the 50 genotypes were resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, and susceptible. Genotype resistance was unaffected by root morphology but was affected by XD. Meanwhile, significant relationships (P < 0.001) were found between XD and disease incidence, disease severity, and area under the disease progress curve. The XD of resistant and susceptible genotypes ranged from 201.70 µm to 469.33 µm and 25.62 µm to 97.25 µm, respectively. It was suggested as a marker phenotype for resistance to R. pseudosolanacearum, which was higher in genotypes with thick root xylem.

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Data availability

The data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude and greatly appreciate Ir Woro Darmini, who assisted in isolating R. pseudosolanacearum bacteria and suspension culture of bacteria. The authors also thank the Center for Agrotechnology Innovation, Universitas Gadjah Mada, which provided facilities to support this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Erlina Ambarwati,  Taryono & Taufan Alam

  2. Agrotechnology Innovation Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Kalitirto, Yogyakarta, 55573, Indonesia

    Taryono

  3. Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Jaka Widada

  4. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Triwidodo Arwiyanto

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  1. Erlina Ambarwati
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Contributions

Conceptualization: EA, T, JW, and TrA; Design and methodology: EA, T, JW, and TrA; Experiment execution and data collection: EA; Statistical analysis and interpretation: EA, T, TaA, and TrA; The first original draft preparation: EA; Writing, rewriting, and editing: EA, T, JW, TrA, and TaA; supervision: T, JW, and TrA; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Triwidodo Arwiyanto.

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Ambarwati, E., Taryono, Widada, J. et al. Relationship between root diameter and resistance of tropical chilli pepper genotypes to Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum. Trop. plant pathol. 48, 384–393 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-023-00577-6

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