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Integrated approach for managing Fusarium wilt of chickpea using Azadirachta indica leaf extract, Trichoderma harzianum and Bavistin

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Abstract

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) crop suffers a heavy economic loss as a consequence of wilt incurred by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (Foc). Plant extracts, biocontrol agents or chemicals have high potential in its management and elevating crop production. Therefore, a 2-year study was conducted using an integrated management approach involving leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem), biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum and the fungicide Bavistin. A. indica + T. harzianum (seed treatment) + Bavistin (seed treatment) enhanced seed emergence (20% and 22%); A. indica + T. harzianum (soil application) + Bavistin (seed treatment) caused the highest reduction in wilt incidence (70%), with the greatest increase in number of root nodules (86% and 93%) and pods (98% and 99%) per plant and enhancement of chickpea yield (49% and 47%), respectively, by increasing the soil population of T. harzianum and decreasing the Foc growth in soil. This treatment exhibited the most significant improvement in infected plants’ chlorophyll (147% and 140%) and phenolic (52% and 57%) contents; treatment with A. indica + T. harzianum (soil application) + Bavistin (soil application) caused maximum enhancement of 79% and 82% in leghemoglobin content over the two consecutive years of cropping, respectively. Integrated use of A. indica leaf extract and Bavistin as a seed treatment for chickpea and soil application of T. harzianum may manage chickpea Fusarium wilt and enhance yield, but this needs to be validated on a commercial basis.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, for encouraging and helping us with the required facilities and work.

Funding

We are thankful to the University Grants Commission, India, for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Arshi Jamil & Shabbir Ashraf

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  1. Arshi Jamil
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  2. Shabbir Ashraf
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Contributions

The isolation of pathogen, collection and analysis of data and major contribution in writing was of AJ. AJ and SA thoroughly read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arshi Jamil.

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Jamil, A., Ashraf, S. Integrated approach for managing Fusarium wilt of chickpea using Azadirachta indica leaf extract, Trichoderma harzianum and Bavistin. Trop. plant pathol. 47, 727–736 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-022-00533-w

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