Abstract
Enabling surfaces with passive anti-icing properties is an emerging, facile, economical, and energy-saving strategy to mitigate the harm caused by ice accretion. However, the combination of icephobicity and robustness remains a daunting challenge. Herein, we present an ultra-robust transparent icephobic coating with high toughness, strong substrate adhesion, and self-healing capability. Hydrophobicity, smoothness, and softness of the coating guarantee low ice adhesion strength. By incorporating a spongy structure, the ice adhesion strength of the coating is lowered further down to 26.7 ± 1.1 kPa. Importantly, the coating exhibits high toughness, strong adhesion to the substrate, and self-healing capability due to the presence of multiple hydrogen bonding. Consequently, the coating maintains its icephobicity after 35 icing/deicing cycles and 600 abrasion cycles, is resilient to delamination, and is able to heal and recover its icephobicity from the mechanical damage introduced by both cuts and abrasions. Moreover, the coating sustains its icephobicity after eight months of immersion in saltwater, as well as exposure to the near-arctic weather in Trondheim (Norway). This work presents new insights into the design of robust icephobic coatings that can sustain severe mechanical loading for use in real complex environments.
摘要
被动疏冰涂层作为一种新形防除冰方法, 拥有环境友好、耗能 低、经济等优势, 因此在过去十几年来被广泛研究. 但是, 目前的主动 疏冰涂层仍存在疏冰性与耐久性难以兼容的问题. 本文设计了一种兼 具高韧性、强基底粘附力和自愈合能力的透明疏冰涂层. 涂层具有疏 水性、光滑表面及低模量, 保障了涂层的低冰粘附强度. 通过引入类海 绵结构, 冰粘附强度可降低至26.7 ± 1.1 kPa. 涂层高分子网络的多重氢 键赋予其高韧性、强基底粘附力和自愈合能力. 因此, 涂层在35次结 冰/除冰循环和600次机械磨损之后能避免涂层剥离并保持疏冰性, 且 能愈合机械磨损恢复其疏冰性. 另外, 涂层在海水及近北极气候暴露 8个月后仍能保持良好的疏冰性. 该工作为耐久性疏冰涂层的设计提供 了一种新思路.
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Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the Research Council of Norway via the PETROMAKS2 Project Durable Arctic Icephobic Materials (255507), the NANO2021 Project Dual-Functional Anti-Gas Hydrate Surfaces (302348) and the Norwegian Micro- and Nano-Fabrication Facility, NorFab (245963). Li T thanks the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12002350).
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Open Access funding provided by NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology (incl St. Olavs Hospital-Trondheim University Hospital).
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Zhuo Y designed the experiments and wrote the paper; Zhuo Y, Liu S, Wang F, and Luo S conducted the experiments and characterizations. Håkonsen V, Li T, and Xiao S analyzed the data and reviewed the paper. He J and Zhang Z analyzed the data and wrote the paper. All authors contributed to the general discussion.
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Supporting data are available in the online version of the paper.
Yizhi Zhuo completed his Bachelor’s degree in applied chemistry at the South China University of Technology in 2013, and then his Master’s degree in chemical engineering at Xiamen University in 2016. In 2019, he received his PhD degree from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), where he worked on designing durable icephobic materials. His research focuses on designing and synthesizing soft materials for anti-icing and exploring the underlying mechanisms.
Jianying He received her PhD degree in structural engineering from the NTNU in 2009. She was an assistant professor at the University of Science and Technology Beijing (2003–2006), a postdoctoral fellow at NTNU (2009–2011), and an associate professor at NTNU (2011–2017), and became a professor in nanomechanics at NTNU in 2017. Her current research area includes nanostructured materials, nanotechnology for petroleum engineering, and nano-enabled icephobicity.
Zhiliang Zhang received his PhD degree from the Lappeenranta University of Technology in 1994. He then worked at SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Trondheim, before he was appointed as a full professor at the NTNU in 2003. He is an elected member of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences and an editor-in-chief for Engineering Fracture Mechanics. He currently focuses on anti-adhesive materials, nano-structured functional materials for energy applications, and fracture mechanics.
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Zhuo, Y., Håkonsen, V., Liu, S. et al. Ultra-robust icephobic coatings with high toughness, strong substrate adhesion and self-healing capability. Sci. China Mater. 66, 2071–2078 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2340-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2340-9