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Achieving highly stable Sn-based anode by a stiff encapsulation heterostructure

牢固的封装异质结构实现锡基负极的长循环稳定性

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Abstract

Rationally designed heterostructures provide attractive prospects for energy storage electrodes by combining different active materials with distinct electrochemical properties. Herein, through a phase separation strategy, a heterostructure of SnO2 encapsulated by amorphous Nb2O5 is spontaneously synthesized. Insertion-type anode Nb2O5 outer shell, playing as reaction containers and fast ionic pathways, physically inhibits the Sn atoms’ migration and enhances the reaction kinetics. Moreover, strong chemical interactions are found at the SnO2/Nb2O5 interfaces, which ensure the solid encapsulation of the SnO2 cores even after 500 cycles. When used for lithium-ion batteries, this heterostructured anode exhibits high cycling stability with a capacity of 626 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 2 A g−1 (85% capacity retention) and good rate performance with the capacity of 340 mA h g−1 at 8 A g−1.

摘要

通过异质结构可以将不同电化学性质的电极材料人为地进行设 计组合实现优势互补, 这一方法为储能材料的未来发展提供了广阔前 景. 本文中, 我们通过一步自发相分离策略, 实现了SnO2包封于无定形 Nb2O5中的特殊异质结构. 嵌入型反应负极Nb2O5充当合金型负极SnO2 的反应容器和快速离子传输层, 空间上限制了Sn原子的迁移并增强了 反应动力学. 此外, 我们在SnO2/Nb2O5界面处发现了强化学相互作用, 使得Nb2O5封装层即使在500次充放电循环后仍能牢固包封在SnO2核 的表面. 这种异质结构材料作为锂离子电池负极表现出高循环稳定性, 在2 A g−1的大电流下循环1000次后容量为626 mA h g−1(容量保持率为 85%), 同时在8 A g−1的电流下容量仍可保持在339.9 mAh g−1, 展现出良 好的倍率性能.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M671242 and 2021T140688), the Special Research Assistant program of CAS, and the Super Postdoctoral Fellow Program of Shanghai. We would also like to acknowledge the help from Dr. Muhammad Sohail Riazon on language and grammar during the article writing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Mincrostructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China

    Ruizhe Li  (李睿哲), Jijian Xu  (徐吉健), Zhuoran Lv  (吕卓然), Wujie Dong  (董武杰) & Fuqiang Huang  (黄富强)

  2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese of Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Ruizhe Li  (李睿哲) & Zhuoran Lv  (吕卓然)

  3. State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Fuqiang Huang  (黄富强)

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  1. Ruizhe Li  (李睿哲)
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  2. Jijian Xu  (徐吉健)
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Contributions

Li R and Xu J designed and engineered the samples; Li R and Lv Z performed the experiments; Li R wrote the paper with support from Dong W and Huang F. All authors contributed to the general discussion.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Wujie Dong  (董武杰) or Fuqiang Huang  (黄富强).

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ruizhe Li is currently a PhD student at Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SICCAS) supervised by Prof. Fuqiang Huang and Guobao Li. He obtained his BSc degree from Hua-zhong University of Science and Technology in 2016. His research focuses on engineering conversion/alloying type multi-element transition metal oxides for lithium ion batteries.

Wujie Dong obtained his PhD degree under the supervision of Prof. Fuqiang Huang in 2019 from the College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University. He is a special research assistant of SICCAS. His-research interests include the high-performance lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and electro/thermos-catalysis.

Fuqiang Huang received his PhD degree in chemistry from Beijing Normal University in 1996. From 1996 to 2003, he worked in the United States as a research staff member. Then he joined the State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics & Superfine Microstructure, SICCAS, and became a full professor in 2003. His current research interests mainly focus on designing deficient oxide for secondary batteries and developing new functional compounds for energy storage, superconductors and electro-catalysis.

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Li, R., Xu, J., Lv, Z. et al. Achieving highly stable Sn-based anode by a stiff encapsulation heterostructure. Sci. China Mater. 65, 695–703 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-021-1783-0

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