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A Kinetic Study on the Evolution of Martensitic Transformation Behavior and Microstructures in Ti–Ta High-Temperature Shape-Memory Alloys During Aging

  • Special Issue: HTSMA 2018
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Abstract

Ti–Ta alloys represent candidate materials for high-temperature shape-memory alloys (HTSMAs). They outperform several other types of HTSMAs in terms of cost, ductility, and cold workability. However, Ti–Ta alloys are characterized by a relatively fast microstructural degradation during exposure to elevated temperatures, which gives rise to functional fatigue. In the present study, we investigate how isothermal aging affects the martensitic transformation behavior and microstructures in Ti70Ta30 HTSMAs. Ti–Ta sheets with fully recrystallized grain structures were obtained from a processing route involving arc melting, heat treatments, and rolling. The final Ti–Ta sheets were subjected to an extensive aging heat treatment program. Differential scanning calorimetry and various microstructural characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, conventional X-ray, and synchrotron diffraction were used for the characterization of resulting material states. We identify different types of microstructural evolution processes and their effects on the martensitic and reverse transformation. Based on these results, an isothermal time temperature transformation (TTT) diagram for Ti70Ta30 was established. This TTT plot rationalizes the dominating microstructural evolution processes and related kinetics. In the present work, we also discuss possible options to slow down microstructural and functional degradation in Ti–Ta HTSMAs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge financial support from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through Projects TP1 (FR2675/3-2), TP2 (SO505/2-2 and EG101/22-2), and TP3 (SCHM930/13-2) in the framework of the research group FOR 1766 “Hochtemperatur-Formgedächtnislegierungen.” We acknowledge DESY (Hamburg, Germany), a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF, for the provision of experimental facilities. Parts of this research were carried out at PETRA III and we would like to thank Jozef Bednarcik for assistance in using photon beamline P02.1 and the support laboratory.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Materials, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany

    Alexander Paulsen, Jan Frenzel, Dennis Langenkämper, Ramona Rynko, Christoph Somsen & Gunther Eggeler

  2. Applied Crystallography and Materials Science, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80333, Munich, Germany

    Peter Kadletz, Lukas Grossmann & Wolfgang W. Schmahl

  3. European Spallation Source ESS ERIC, P.O. Box 176, 22100, Lund, Sweden

    Peter Kadletz

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  1. Alexander Paulsen
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Correspondence to Alexander Paulsen.

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This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2nd International Conference on High-Temperature Shape-Memory Alloys and has been expanded from the original presentation. HTSMA 2018 was held in Irsee, Germany, May 15–18, 2018, and was organized by the German Materials Society (DGM).

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Paulsen, A., Frenzel, J., Langenkämper, D. et al. A Kinetic Study on the Evolution of Martensitic Transformation Behavior and Microstructures in Ti–Ta High-Temperature Shape-Memory Alloys During Aging. Shap. Mem. Superelasticity 5, 16–31 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-018-00200-7

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