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An Experimental Study on the Conversion of CaO to CaSO4 During Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration

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Abstract

The deposition of ash on a diesel particulate filter (DPF) results in an increase in pressure drop across the aftertreatment system, which leads to reduced capacity for soot and an increase in frequency of regeneration to eliminate the soot. To estimate the amount of ash and design a reduction method for the accumulated ash on the DPF, a deeper understanding of the ash generation mechanism is required. Previous studies have found that ash sampled at exhaust manifolds comprises metal sulfate and some oxides, whereas ash accumulated on DPFs primarily comprises typical metal sulfates. Although metal oxides are converted to the metal sulfates, the conversion mechanism is not well understood. Herein, the formation mechanism of calcium sulfate (CaSO4), which is the main component of ash on DPFs, from calcium oxide (CaO) was investigated using a flow reactor. CaO was made to react with SO2, SO3, O2, and H2O, when passed through a diesel oxidation catalyst. Quantitative analysis of the ash components in the products was performed using ion chromatography. The concentrations of SO2, SO3, and H2O during the reaction were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Based on the experimental results, it was found that CaSO4 mainly formed from the reaction of CaO with SO2 and SO3; whereas, H2O inhibited CaSO4 formation owing to the change in physicochemical properties of CaO.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Some parts of this study are based on the results obtained from a project commissioned by the Research Association of Automotive Internal Combustion Engines (AICE) in Japan.

Funding

Some parts of this study are supported by the Research Association of Automotive Internal Combustion Engines (AICE) in Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 316-8511, Japan

    Kotaro Tanaka, Yasuyuki Sakai, Yudai Ishii, Yusuke Yokobayashi, Satoshi Sakaida & Mitsuru Konno

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  1. Kotaro Tanaka
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  2. Yasuyuki Sakai
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  3. Yudai Ishii
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  4. Yusuke Yokobayashi
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Contributions

Tanaka, Sakai, Sakaida, and Konno wrote the main manuscript text and Ishii and Yokobayashi prepared Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8; Tables 1 and 2. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kotaro Tanaka.

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Tanaka, K., Sakai, Y., Ishii, Y. et al. An Experimental Study on the Conversion of CaO to CaSO4 During Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration. Emiss. Control Sci. Technol. 9, 120–127 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-023-00227-y

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