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Biomechanical Regulation of Stem Cell Fate

  • Role of Classical Signaling Pathways in Stem Cell Maintenance (N Carlesso & A Cardoso, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review summarizes the current insights into stem cell fate determination by biomechanics. We also highlight recent findings that illustrate how mechanotransduction conveys changes in the extrinsic environment to program stem cell fate and how the intrinsic mechanical properties of stem cells regulate their functions.

Recent Findings

Emerging evidence in stem cell biology has shown that extrinsic mechanical cues, especially the viscoelasticity and topography of the extracellular matrix (ECM), influence many aspects of stem cell behavior, including self-renewal and differentiation. Cell-intrinsic mechanical properties of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) play crucial roles in maintaining HSCs attachment to the physical microenvironment (niche), which is critical for preserving HSCs quiescence and hematopoietic regeneration.

Summary

The intrinsic and extrinsic mechanical properties play important roles in controlling stem cell function and fate direction. Using biomechanics as a novel regulator of stem cell fate will provide insight into stem cell biology and aid in understanding the molecular mechanisms and crosstalk between biomechanics and stem cells. Ultimately, advances in the biomechanical regulation of stem cell fate will contribute to the development of regenerative medicine.

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Funding

This work is supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Project to FN (No. 2019YFA0801800) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China to FN (No. 32070916).

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  1. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China

    Linlin Jin, Ping Wang & Fang Ni

  2. Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China

    Linlin Jin, Ping Wang & Fang Ni

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Role of Classical Signaling Pathways in Stem Cell Maintenance

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Jin, L., Wang, P. & Ni, F. Biomechanical Regulation of Stem Cell Fate. Curr Stem Cell Rep 7, 30–38 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40778-020-00183-1

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