Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Variations in wind wave parameters measured in the coastal waters of north-eastern Bay of Bengal

  • Research
  • Published:
Journal of Ocean Engineering and Marine Energy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Characteristics of the wind waves measured in the coastal waters of the northeastern Bay of Bengal are examined for 4 years. A comparison of the energy wave period (Te) with different wave periods shows that the average wave period (Tm–1,1), significant wave period (T1/3), and integral period (Ti) are closer to Te. A maximum wave height of 5.5 m is observed, and the most typical values for the wave period range between 4 and 6.5 s. The steepness of the highest wave is 0.058. In the coastal waters, the values of the peak wave period (Tp) indicate a swell dominance in the monsoon. Short-period waves (Tp < 6 s) are relatively higher in 2015 and the long-period waves (Tp > 8 s) in 2013 and the changes are due to the variations in monsoon. A large number of long-period waves is observed during the northeast monsoon. Thirty-seven freak wave events occurred, and the presence of freak waves is higher in the monsoon. Interannual variations in the mean of Tavg are up to 5% and that of the 90-percentile of the average wavelength (λTavg) is up to 10%. The annual mean wave power is 5 kW/m and annually during 25% of the time, the wave power is more than 7 kW/m.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The measured data used in this article is available for joint research work from the corresponding author.

Abbreviations

H s :

Significant wave height, \(4\sqrt {m_{{\text{o}}} }\)

T p :

Peak wave period

T m 01 :

Mean period, m0/m1

T :

Individual wave period

T m 02 :

Mean zero-crossing wave period,\( \sqrt{\frac{{m}_{0}}{{m}_{2}}}\)

T m–1,1 :

Average wave period, \(\sqrt{\frac{{m}_{-1}}{{m}_{1}}}\)

T avg :

Average wave period in a record of 30-min

\(T_{{\text{e}}} = \, T_{m - 1,0}\) :

Wave energy period,\(\frac{{m}_{-1}}{{m}_{0}}\)

T i :

Integral period, \(\sqrt{\frac{{m}_{-2}}{{m}_{0}}}\)

T H max :

Period of the highest wave

T 1/10 :

Average period of 10% highest waves

T 1/3 :

Significant wave period, average period of 33% highest waves

T c :

Crest period, mean time interval for the local maxima, sqrt (m2/m4)

T dw 1 :

Sqrt(m[– 1,2]/m0)

\(m_{n} = \mathop \smallint \limits_{0}^{\infty } f^{n} S\left( f \right){\text{d}}f, \, n = 0, \, 1, \, 2, \, - 1\) :

Where mn is the nth order spectral moment and S(f) is spectral energy density at frequency f

λ :

Wavelength as per dispersion relationship from period

λ X :

Wavelength estimated from wave period X

References

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author gratefully acknowledges the financial support given by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi to conduct this research. The measured wave data used in the study are from the project funded by the Earth System Science Organization, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India through INCOIS, Hyderabad. We thank both the reviewers and the editor for their critical comments and suggestions which improved the scientific content of this paper. This is NIO contribution ---.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ocean Engineering Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research), Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India

    T. M. Anju & V. Sanil Kumar

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India

    V. Sanil Kumar

  3. Chilika Development Authority, Palaspalli, Pokhariput Road, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751020, India

    Rabindro Nath Samal

Authors
  1. T. M. Anju
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Sanil Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rabindro Nath Samal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Anju T M: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing –original draft Sanil Kumar V: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing. Rabindro Nath Samal: Data curation All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. Sanil Kumar.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Anju, T.M., Kumar, V.S. & Samal, R.N. Variations in wind wave parameters measured in the coastal waters of north-eastern Bay of Bengal. J. Ocean Eng. Mar. Energy (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40722-024-00324-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40722-024-00324-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation