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Sleep Disorders in Epilepsy: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

  • Sleep and Neurological Disorders (JL DeWolfe, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Sleep Medicine Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Sleep complaints are common in people with epilepsy (PWE). We aim to highlight the updated evidence regarding comorbid sleep disorders and epilepsy and the impact of epilepsy and its treatments on sleep.

Recent Findings

Up to two thirds of PWE report sleep disturbances which may signal presence of a comorbid sleep disorder, including insomnia, arousal parasomnias, excessive daytime sleepiness, obstructive sleep apnea, or restless legs syndrome. Uncontrolled seizures contribute to poor sleep quality, while presence of epilepsy (with or without seizures) and antiepileptic drugs is associated with changes in sleep architecture. Chronic intracranial EEG monitoring with implanted devices reveals a nocturnal peak for interictal epileptiform activity. Epilepsy surgery outcomes suggest better seizure control may improve sleep architecture and quality.

Summary

Screening for and treating sleep disorders may lead to improved seizure control and quality of life in PWE. Epilepsy surgery and implanted devices to treat refractory epilepsy provide new insights into the relationship between sleep and epilepsy.

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Abbreviations

AEDs:

Antiepileptic drugs

CAP:

Cyclic alternating pattern

EEG:

Electroencephalography

IED:

Interictal epileptiform discharge

NREM:

Non-rapid eye movement sleep

N1:

NREM stage 1 sleep

N2:

NREM stage 2 sleep

N3:

NREM stage 3 sleep

OSA:

Obstructive sleep apnea

PSG:

Polysomnography

PWE:

People/patients with epilepsy

REM:

Rapid eye movement sleep

WASO:

Wake after sleep onset

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  1. UAB Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Avenue South, 312 CIRC, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA

    Leslie P. Grayson & Jennifer L. DeWolfe

  2. BVAMC Neurology Service, Birmingham VA Medical Center, 700 South 19th Street, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA

    Leslie P. Grayson & Jennifer L. DeWolfe

  3. BVAMC Sleep Center, Birmingham VA Medical Center, 700 South 19th Street, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA

    Jennifer L. DeWolfe

Authors
  1. Leslie P. Grayson
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  2. Jennifer L. DeWolfe
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Correspondence to Jennifer L. DeWolfe.

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Leslie P. Grayson declares no conflicts of interest.

Jennifer L. DeWolfe reports grants from Marinus Pharmaceuticals, outside the submitted work.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Sleep and Neurological Disorders

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Grayson, L.P., DeWolfe, J.L. Sleep Disorders in Epilepsy: Current Trends and Future Perspectives. Curr Sleep Medicine Rep 4, 125–133 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40675-018-0110-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40675-018-0110-y

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