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Antiallergic activity of Skimmia anquetilia on ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis, dermatitis, paw oedema and mast cell degranulation

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Summary

Background

Asthma, allergic rhinitis, acute dermatitis, allergic skin reactions, hypersensitivity reactions and other autoimmune illnesses remain difficult to treat. The purpose of this study was to prepare Skimmia anquetilia (SA) extracts and test their antiallergenic characteristics in various types of animal models. A total of nine groups of five animals each were used in this investigation. Ovalbumin (OA) was used as an allergen to sensitise the animals and bring about atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, paw oedema and mast cell degranulation. Doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day of essential oil and hydroalcoholic extracts were administered to the animals for testing.

Results

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified active constituents including α‑pinene, α‑phellandrene, geijerene, 3‑carene, β‑ocimene and others. SA extract treatment resulted in improved overall health and reduced nasal allergy symptoms such rubbing, sneezing and redness. Essential oil from the SA plant reduced eosinophil infiltration into bronchioalveolar fluid. The platelet and mean platelet volumes returned to normal after treatment with SA essential oil and hydroalcoholic extract. When administered, SA completely counteracted the spleen-enlargement effects of ovalbumin. Inhibition of ovalbumin-induced histopathological alterations in skin, lungs and spleen was achieved with administration of SA essential oil and extract.

Conclusion

This study concludes that the essential oil of SA has better promising results compared to extract for treating atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, stabilising mast cell membranes, preventing entry of eosinophils into the lungs and maintaining skin, spleen and lung architecture. The authors suggest that further work is required to be done to isolate SA’s active ingredients and assess their detailed mechanism of action.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Atopic dermatitis

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

AR:

Allergic rhinitis

BALF:

Bronchioalveolar lavage fluid

DMARDs:

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs

GC-MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

HGB:

Haemoglobin

IgE:

Immunoglobulin E

MCV:

Mean corpuscular volume

OA:

Ovalbumin

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

RBC:

Red blood corpuscles

RDW-CV:

Red cell distribution width coefficient of variation

RPMI:

Roswell Park Memorial Institute

SA:

Skimmia anquetilia

SAE:

Skimmia anquetilia extract

SAEO:

Skimmia anquetilia essential oil

SS:

Sensitization solution

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Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, 248009, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Neha Kukreti &  Havagiray R. Chitme

  2. Chemistry and Bioprospecting Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Vinay Kumar Varshney

Authors
  1. Neha Kukreti
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  2. Havagiray R. Chitme
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  3. Vinay Kumar Varshney
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Contributions

All authors contributed equally to conduct of the experiment and preparation of the manuscript. All authors participated in the design, interpretation of the studies, analysis of the data and review of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Havagiray R. Chitme.

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Conflict of interest

N. Kukreti, H.R. Chitme and V.K. Varshney declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical standards

The institutional animal ethics committee granted permission for this animal experiment (DITU/IAEC/21-22/07-07, dated 10 July 2021).

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Kukreti, N., Chitme, H.R. & Varshney, V.K. Antiallergic activity of Skimmia anquetilia on ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis, dermatitis, paw oedema and mast cell degranulation. Allergo J Int 33, 80–93 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40629-023-00247-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40629-023-00247-8

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