Skip to main content
Log in

Global Gevrey vectors

  • Research
  • Published:
Complex Analysis and its Synergies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce the notion of global \(L^q\) Gevrey vectors and investigate the regularity of such vectors in global and microglobal settings when \(q=2\). We characterize the vectors in terms of the FBI transform and prove global and microglobal versions of the Kotake–Narasimhan Theorem. Our techniques are new because our results are written in terms of the FBI transform and not the Fourier transform. Additionally, the microglobal Kotake–Narasimhan Theorem provides a refinement of an earlier result by Hoepfner and Raich relating the microglobal wavefront sets of the ultradistributions u and Pu when P is a constant coefficient differential operator.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable for this article because we neither generated nor analyzed data sets in its creation.

References

  1. Adwan, Z., Hoepfner, G., Raich, A.: Global \({L}^q\)-Gevrey functions and their applications. J. Geom. Anal. 27(3), 1874–1913 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Baouendi, M.S., Métivier, G.: Analytic vectors of hypoelliptic operators of principal type. Am. J. Math. 104(2), 287–319 (1982)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Barostichi, R.F., Cordaro, P.D., Petronilho, G.: Analytic vectors in locally integrable structures. In: Geometric Analysis of Several Complex Variables and Related Topics. Contemporary Mathematics, vol. 550, pp. 1–14. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2011)

  4. Boggess, A., Raich, A.: Heat kernels, smoothness estimates and exponential decay. J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 19, 180–224 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Boiti, C., Jornet, D.: The problem of iterates in some classes of ultradifferentiable functions. In: Pseudo-differential Operators and Generalized Functions. Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, vol. 245, pp. 21–33. Birkhäuser, Cham (2015)

  6. Boiti, C., Jornet, D.: A characterization of the wave front set defined by the iterates of an operator with constant coefficients. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís Nat. Ser. A 111(3), 891–919 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Boiti, C., Jornet, D., Juan-Huguet, J.: Wave front sets with respect to the iterates of an operator with constant coefficients. Abstr. Appl. Anal. (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/438716

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Bolley, P., Camus, J., Mattera, C.: Analyticité microlocale et itérés d’opérateurs. In: Séminaire Goulaouic-Schwartz (1978/1979), pages Exp. No. 13, 9. École Polytech., Palaiseau (1979)

  9. Braun, R.W., Meise, R., Taylor, B.A.: Ultradifferentiable functions and Fourier analysis. Results Math. 17(3–4), 206–237 (1990)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Braun, N.R., Chinni, G., Cordaro, P.D., Jahnke, M.R.: Lower order perturbation and global analytic vectors for a class of globally analytic hypoelliptic operators. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 144(12), 5159–5170 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Castellanos, J.E., Cordaro, P.D., Petronilho, G.: Gevrey vectors in involutive tube structures and Gevrey regularity for the solutions of certain classes of semilinear systems. J. Anal. Math. 119, 333–364 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Christ, M.: Intermediate optimal Gevrey exponents occur. Commun. Partial Differ. Equ. 22(3–4), 359–379 (1997)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Damlakhi, M., Helffer, B.: Analyticité et itères d’un système de champs non elliptique. Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. (4) 13(4), 397–403 (1980)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Derridj, M.: On Gevrey vectors of some partial differential operators. Complex Var. Elliptic Equ. 62(10), 1474–1491 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Derridj, M.: On Gevrey vectors of L. Hörmander’s operators. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 372(6), 3845–3865 (2019)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Derridj, M.: Local estimates for Hörmander’s operators with Gevrey coefficients and application to the regularity of their Gevrey vectors. Tunis. J. Math. 1(3), 321–345 (2019)

  17. Helffer, B., Mattera, Cl.: Analyticité et itérés réduits d’un système de champs de vecteurs. Commun. Partial Differ. Equ. 5, 1065–1072 (1980)

  18. Hoepfner, G., Medrado, R.: The FBI transforms and their use in microlocal analysis. J. Funct. Anal. 275(5), 1208–1258 (2018)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Hoepfner, G., Raich, A.: Global \(L^q\) Gevrey functions, Paley-Wiener theorems, and the FBI transform. Indiana Univ. Math. J. 68(3), 967–1002 (2019)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Hoepfner, G., Raich, A.: Microglobal regularity and the global wavefront set. Math. Z. 291(3–4), 971–998 (2019)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Hoepfner, G., Rampazo, P.: The global Kotake-Narasimhan theorem Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 150(3), 1041–1057 (2022)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Hörmander, L.: On interior regularity of the solutions of partial differential equations. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 11, 197–218 (1958)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Hörmander, L.: An Introduction to Complex Analysis in Several Variables. North-Holland Mathematical Library, vol. 7, 3rd edn. North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam (1990)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Juan-Huguet, J.: Iterates and hypoellipticity of partial differential operators on non-quasianalytic classes. Integral Equations Operator Theory 68(2), 263–286 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Juan-Huguet, J.: A Paley-Wiener type theorem for generalized non-quasianalytic classes. Studia Math. 208(1), 31–46 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Komatsu, H.: A characterization of real analytic functions. Proc. Jpn. Acad. 36, 90–93 (1960)

  27. Kotake, T., Narasimhan, M.S.: Regularity theorems for fractional powers of a linear elliptic operator. Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 90, 449–471 (1962)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Métivier, G.: Propriété des itérés et ellipticité. Commun. Partial Differ. Equ. 3(9), 827–876 (1978)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Nelson, E.: Analytic vectors. Ann. Math. 2(70), 572–615 (1959)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Newberger, E., Zieleźny, Z.: The growth of hypoelliptic polynomials and Gevrey classes. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 39, 547–552 (1973)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Rampazo, P.: Os espaços de funções \(L^q\) ultradiferenciaveis globais e aplicações. Ph.D. Thesis, in Portuguese (2019)

  32. Sjöstrand, J.: Singularités analytiques microlocales. In: Astérisque, vol. 95, pp. 1–166. Society of French mathematicians, Paris (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Tartakoff, D.S.: On local Gevrey regularity for Gevrey vectors of subelliptic sums of squares: an elementary proof of a sharp Gevrey Kotake-Narasimhan theorem. Ann. Univ. Ferrara Sez. VII Sci. Mat. 64(2), 437–447 (2018)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

All authors contributed equally to the research, writing, and reviewing of this article.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Raich.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

We declare that we do not have any conflict of interests or competing interests. Additionally, data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

Additional information

G. Hoepfner was partially supported by FAPESP (2018/14316-3 and 2019/04995-3) and CNPq (308826/2018-3). A. Raich was partially supported by a Grant from the Simons Foundation (707123, ASR). P. Rampazo was partially supported by CAPES (1492101).

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hoepfner, G., Raich, A. & Rampazo, P. Global Gevrey vectors. Complex Anal Synerg 9, 11 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40627-023-00120-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40627-023-00120-y

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation