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Adaptive strategies of two Mediterranean grapevines varieties (Aragonez syn. Tempranillo and Trincadeira) face drought: physiological and structural responses

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Abstract

At Mediterranean regions and particularly in southern Portugal, it is imperative to identify grape varieties more adapted to warm and dry climates in order to overcome future climatic changes. Two Vitis vinifera genotypes, Aragonez (syn. Tempranillo) and Trincadeira, were selected to assess their physiological responses to soil water stress. Vines were subjected to four irrigation regimes: irrigated during all phenological cycle, non-irrigated during all phenological cycle, non irrigated until veraison, irrigated after veraison. Predawn leaf water potential was much higher in Trincadeira than Aragonez in non-irrigated plants. This result is in accordance with its higher stomatal control efficiency in this variety (Trincadeira). Photosynthetic capacity (Amax at saturating light intensity) decreased due to stomatal and biochemical limitations under water stress. However, recovery capacity of leaf water status after irrigation was faster in Trincadeira. Yield and yield x Brix increased when irrigation occurred after veraison,  particularly in Trincadeira. These results show that Trincadeira presents a drought adaptation than Aragonez. Ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence Fv/Fm and total leaf chlorophyll related with leaf water potential for both species. Reflectance Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI705), Red Edge Inflexion Point Index and Photochemical Reflectance Index were related with irrigation treatment. Relative water content and specific leaf area were similar between varieties. In conclusion, we suggested that there is variation among the genotypes and the main physiological parameters for variety selection, for drought, were leaf water potential, stomatal conductance and reflectance indexes.

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Acknowledgments

Roberta Samara Nunes de Lima (Lima, R.) had a doctoral fellowship from Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, FAPERJ.  ICAAM - Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Évora, Portugal for funding this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAAM, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal

    M. Vaz, R. Coelho, A. Rato, L. L. Silva & J. B. Mota

  2. Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias—CCTA, Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal, LMGV, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, CEP 28013-600, Brazil

    R. Samara-Lima & E. Campostrini

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  1. M. Vaz
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  2. R. Coelho
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Vaz, M., Coelho, R., Rato, A. et al. Adaptive strategies of two Mediterranean grapevines varieties (Aragonez syn. Tempranillo and Trincadeira) face drought: physiological and structural responses. Theor. Exp. Plant Physiol. 28, 205–220 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40626-016-0074-6

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