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Characterization of CKD illness representation profiles using patient-level factors

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Journal of Nephrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Illness perceptions are the unique perspective individuals have on their illness, based on their context and experiences, and are associated with patient outcomes including coping and adherence. The purpose of this study was to explore characteristics that may be driving membership in illness perceptions cluster groups for adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods

This study was conducted within the multicenter longitudinal Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. Cross-sectional data were collected and combined with CRIC data. Illness perceptions were measured using the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire. Clustering analysis was conducted in R, and bivariate analysis including linear regression was performed in STATA 16.

Results

The sample (n = 197) had a mean age of 68, was 52% women, 53% non-White, and mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 56 ml/min/1.73 m2. Three cluster groups were identified, labeled as “Disengaged” (n = 20), “Well-Resourced” (n = 108), and “Distressed” (n = 69). The “Disengaged” group was characterized by low CKD knowledge, many recent hospitalization days, and the lowest perceived CKD burden. The “Well-Resourced” group was characterized by the highest levels of education, CKD knowledge, optimism, and medication adherence. The “Distressed” group was characterized by the highest levels of depression scores, comorbidity burden, CKD burden, CKD symptoms, and lowest optimism. Group membership significantly predicted the number of hospitalization days in adjusted analyses.

Conclusions

Illness perceptions groups are associated with number of hospitalization days but are independent of many patient characteristics. Illness perceptions data could be used to tailor care for specific patients at risk for poor health outcomes.

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Funding

This research was funded by the National Institutes of Health (Grant numbers P30AG059302, T32NR009356, K24-DK092290).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Eleanor Rivera, Nathan Tintle, Mary Hannan, James P. Lash & Celestin Missikpode

  2. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Raymond R. Townsend, Sarah J. Schrauben, Katherine Wolfrum & Karen B. Hirschman

  3. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Mahboob Rahman

  4. School of Nursing, Hunter Bellevue, New York, USA

    Maya N. Clark-Cutaia

Authors
  1. Eleanor Rivera
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  2. Nathan Tintle
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  6. Maya N. Clark-Cutaia
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eleanor Rivera.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no competing interests to disclose. This dataset is available to be shared upon request, please contact the corresponding author.

Ethical approval

This study was conducted in accordance with the standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. All study participants gave informed consent to participate and for aggregate, deidentified results to be disseminated.

Human and animal rights

This study involving human subjects was approved by the University of Pennsylvania Institutional Review Board (IRB), approval #833179.

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All study participants gave informed consent to participate and for aggregate, deidentified results to be disseminated.

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Rivera, E., Tintle, N., Townsend, R.R. et al. Characterization of CKD illness representation profiles using patient-level factors. J Nephrol 37, 671–679 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-024-01955-2

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