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Omics research in diabetic kidney disease: new biomarker dimensions and new understandings?

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Abstract

The use of “omics” is increasing in research areas looking to identify biomarkers or early preclinical signs of disease or to increase understanding of complex pathological processes that determines prognosis of the disease. Diabetic kidney disease is no exception as it is an area in need of further improvement of both understanding and prognosis. In addition, there is a notion that pretreatment investigations using techniques like proteomics, lipidomics and metabolomics can help individualize therapy thus fulfilling the wish for personalized medicine. An increasing number of cohort studies using these techniques are published, but only few have been validated in external cohorts or even replicated by other groups. In essence, to achieve clinical impact and usefulness, prospective validation is needed. So far, only the urinary proteomics based PRIORITY study has tried to do this, as discussed in this review. Other areas are promising, but are currently lacking such efforts. In this review we report and discuss the current status of urinary proteomics as well as plasma metabolomics and lipidomics with an overview of the results so far, and with some comments and perspectives regarding future developments and implementation. As is evident, these techniques are promising, but there is still some way before widespread clinical use can be foreseen.

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Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature: Han X (2016) Lipidomics for studying metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 12: 668–679

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant number NNF14OC0013659 PROTON Personalising treatment of diabetic kidney disease.

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  1. Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

    Nete Tofte, Frederik Persson & Peter Rossing

  2. Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Peter Rossing

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  1. Nete Tofte
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  2. Frederik Persson
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  3. Peter Rossing
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Correspondence to Peter Rossing.

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Conflict of interest

P.R. is on the Steering Committee of the following clinical trials: CADA-DIA (Bayer), Fidelio (Bayer) Figaro (Bayer), DAPA-CKD (Astra Zeneca), and FLOW (Novo-Nordisk); The Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen has received fees for consultancy and/or speaking from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, Eli Lilly, Mundi, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi Aventis. F.P. has served as a consultant, on advisory boards or as an educator for Astra Zeneca, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Mundipharma, MSD, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, and Amgen, and has received research grants to the Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen from Novo Nordisk, Amgen, and Astra Zeneca N.T. declares no conflicts.

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Tofte, N., Persson, F. & Rossing, P. Omics research in diabetic kidney disease: new biomarker dimensions and new understandings?. J Nephrol 33, 931–948 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-020-00759-4

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