Abstract
Purpose
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is known as the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive age women. The aim of this studywas to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation in combination with low-calorie diet on anthropometric indices, reproductive hormones and menstrual regularity in overweight and obese PCOS women.
Methods
In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 60 PCOS women with vitamin D insufficiency were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either (1) weight-loss intervention + 50,000 IU/week oral vitamin D3 or (2) weight-loss intervention + placebo. At the beginning and end of the study, the anthropometric indices, body composition, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and free androgen index (FAI) were measured and regularity of menses was compared among the two groups.
Result
After 12-week intervention, median of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 significantly increased from 18.5 (10.75–20) ng/ml to 42.69 (34–53.25) ng/ml in vitamin D group compared to placebo group (p < 001). Moreover, there was a significant improvement in frequency regular menstrual cycle (p = 0.01). Mean of weight, body mass index, fat mass, waist and hip circumference and waist-to-hip ratio significantly decreased in both groups, but was not different between two groups. Mean of total testosterone insignificantly decreased from 0.7 to 0.5 ng/ml in vitamin D group (p = 0.18). In addition, we did not observe significant differences regarding DHEAS, FAI and SHBG between two groups.
Conclusions
In women with PCOS, androgen profile did not change with vitamin D supplementation when combined with low-calorie diet, but menstrual frequency significantly improved.
Clinical Trial Registration Number
IRCT2016062710826N19.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank all the women that participated in the present study. This study was done as a MS thesis in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Financial support for this study was provided by Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.
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This research conducted according to Helsinki statement and the protocol was approved by Ethics Committee in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.
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Jafari-Sfidvajani, S., Ahangari, R., Hozoori, M. et al. The effect of vitamin D supplementation in combination with low-calorie diet on anthropometric indices and androgen hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Endocrinol Invest 41, 597–607 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-017-0785-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-017-0785-9