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Can ARFI elastography be used to differentiate parathyroid from thyroid lesions?

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Abstract

Objectives

To assess if elasticity score (ES) and shear wave velocity (SWV) measurement obtained using ARFI elastography can differentiate between parathyroid lesions and thyroid nodules.

Materials and methods

ARFI elastography was performed on patients with primary hyperparathyroidism or solid thyroid nodules who were being considered for surgery using virtual touch quantification and virtual touch imaging (VTI) software. Only patients with surgical histopathology (47 parathyroid lesions, 38 benign thyroid nodules and 55 malignant thyroid nodules) were included for final analysis. SWV and ES of the parathyroid and thyroid nodules were compared and their ability to differentiate between parathyroid and thyroid was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

There were 39 solitary adenomas, 2 double adenomas and 4 parathyroid hyperplasias with mean size of 19.6 ± 9.7 mm in 44 patients (21 male, 23 females) with primary hyperparathyroidism. The mean SWV of the parathyroid lesion (1.6 ± 0.78 m/s) was significantly different from benign (2.11 ± 0.8 m/s) and malignant (4.3 ± 2.71 m/s) thyroid nodules, p < 0.05; so was the ES, Chi square = 51.6, p < 0.001. The majority of parathyroid lesions (n = 37, 78.7%) had ES of 2 with speckled (n = 42, 89.3%) appearance, and none showed ES of 4. The diagnostic performance of speckled appearance on VTI, elasticity score and SWV measurements was 0.901, 0.724 and 0.797, respectively, to differentiate between parathyroid and thyroid lesions.

Conclusions

Parathyroid lesions are softer than thyroid nodules. A shear wave velocity of 1.72 m/s can differentiate between parathyroid lesions and thyroid nodules.

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Abbreviations

ARFI:

Acoustic radiation force impulse

SWV:

Shear wave velocity

ES:

Elasticity score

BTN:

Benign thyroid nodules

MTN:

Malignant thyroid nodules

ROI:

Region of interest

VTQ:

Virtual touch quantification

VTI:

Virtual touch imaging

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Christian Medical College and Hospital Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    A. Chandramohan, M. Therese, D. Abhraham, T. V. Paul & P. Jacob Mazhuvanchary

Authors
  1. A. Chandramohan
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  2. M. Therese
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  3. D. Abhraham
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  4. T. V. Paul
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  5. P. Jacob Mazhuvanchary
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Correspondence to A. Chandramohan.

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There were no disclosures or conflicts of interest.

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This is an institution review board (IRB)-approved prospective study performed with informed consent.

Informed consent

Consecutive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism considered for parathyroid surgery and patients with solid thyroid nodules considered for thyroidectomy were recruited into the study.

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Chandramohan, A., Therese, M., Abhraham, D. et al. Can ARFI elastography be used to differentiate parathyroid from thyroid lesions?. J Endocrinol Invest 41, 111–119 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-017-0694-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-017-0694-y

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