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Structural Violence and Stress Experiences of Young Pregnant Black People

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Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

Approximately 10–20% of individuals suffer from mental health concerns during the prenatal period due to their vulnerability and emotional responses to stressful events. Mental health disorders are more likely to be disabling and persistent for people of color, and they are less likely to seek treatment due to stigma. Young pregnant Black people report experiencing stress due to isolation, feelings of conflict, lack of material and emotional resources, and support from significant others. Although many studies have reported the types of stressors experienced, personal resources, emotional stress responses on pregnancy, and mental health outcomes, there is limited data on young Black women’s perceptions of these factors.

Methods

This study utilizes the Health Disparities Research Framework to conceptualize drivers of stress related to maternal health outcomes for young Black women. We conducted a thematic analysis to identify stressors for young Black women.

Results

Findings revealed the following overarching themes: Societal stress of being young, Black, and pregnant; Community level systems that perpetuate stress and structural violence; Interpersonal level stressors; Individual level effects of stress on mom and baby; and Coping with stress.

Discussion

Acknowledging and naming structural violence and addressing structures that create and fuel stress for young pregnant Black people are important first steps to interrogating systems that allow for nuanced power dynamics and for recognizing the full humanity of young pregnant Black people.

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Data Availability

Data described in the manuscript will be made available upon request in de-identified form.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank New Moms for their support and continued collaboration.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, Center for Health Equity Research (CHER) Chicago (#U54MD012523; Subaward #088917). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Development Nursing Science, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 S. Damen Ave., MC 802, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Mary Dawn Koenig, Natasha Crooks, Yanqiao Li, Kylea L. Liese & Pamela Pearson

  2. Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, MC 886, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Tristesse Burton

  3. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Nefertiti OjiNjideka Hemphill

  4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois Chicago, 820 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Katherine Erbe & Karie Stewart

  5. Biobehavioral Health Science Division, University of Arizona, PO Box 210203, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

    Julienne N. Rutherford

  6. Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL, 60608, USA

    Nicollette Kessee & Lisa Tussing-Humphreys

  7. Deptartment of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Box 357262, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Kaboni W. Gondwe

  8. New Moms, 5317 W Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL, 606051, USA

    Luecendia Reed

Authors
  1. Mary Dawn Koenig
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  2. Natasha Crooks
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  3. Tristesse Burton
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  4. Yanqiao Li
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  5. Nefertiti OjiNjideka Hemphill
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  6. Katherine Erbe
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  9. Pamela Pearson
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  10. Karie Stewart
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  11. Nicollette Kessee
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  14. Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
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Contributions

MDK, NOH, LTH: conceptualization, methodology; MDK, NOH, NK, LR: investigation MDK, NOH: data curation; NC: resources; MDK, NOH, NC, YL, TB, KE: formal analysis; MDK, NC, YL, TB: writing—original draft; MDK, NOH, NC, LTH, WZ, FF, KE, JNR, KWG, PP, KS, KLL, NK, LR: writing—review and editing; MDK, NC: supervision and visualization; MDK, NOH, LTH: project administration and funding acquisition.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mary Dawn Koenig.

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Ethics Approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the University of Illinois Chicago Institutional Review Board (#2016–0662).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Koenig, M.D., Crooks, N., Burton, T. et al. Structural Violence and Stress Experiences of Young Pregnant Black People. J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-023-01661-y

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