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Influences of Demographic, Social Determinants, Clinical, Knowledge, and Self-Care Factors on Quality of Life in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Black-White Differences

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Abstract

Background

This study evaluated racial differences in the contribution of demographic, social determinants, clinical, and self-care factors on quality of life (QOL) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

A total of 615 adults with T2DM in Southeastern United States were recruited. Linear regression models were used to assess the contribution of demographic, social determinants, clinical, and self-care factors on the mental (MCS) and physical components (PCS) of QOL, after stratifying by race.

Results

For the entire sample, there were significant relationships between PCS and psychological distress (β = 0.02, p < 0.01), neighborhood aesthetics (β = 0.05, p < 0.01), neighborhood walking environment (β = −0.02, p < 0.05), access to healthy food (β = 0.01, p < 0.05), neighborhood crime (β = −0.15, p < 0.05), and neighborhood comparison (β = 0.13, p < 0.05); and MCS and depression (β = −0.06, p < 0.05), psychological distress (β = −0.09, p < 0.001), perceived stress (β = −0.12, p < 0.01), and perceived health status (β = −0.33, p < 0.01). In the regression models stratified by race, notable differences existed in the association between PCS, MCS, and demographic, psychosocial, built environment, and clinical factors among Whites and Blacks, respectively.

Conclusion

In this sample, there were racial differences in demographic, social determinants, built environment, and clinical factors associated with PCS and MCS components of QOL. Interventions may need to be tailored by race or ethnicity to improve quality of life in adults with T2DM.

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Funding

This study was partially supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases K24Dk093699, R01DK118038, and R01DK120861 (PI: Leonard E. Egede, MD, MS)

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Nursing, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA

    Oluwatoyin Olukotun

  2. Institute of Health and Equity, Department of Public and Community Health, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Olaitan Akinboboye

  3. Center for Advancing Population Science (CAPS), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Joni S. Williams & Leonard E. Egede

  4. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3596, USA

    Joni S. Williams & Leonard E. Egede

  5. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Mukoso Ozieh

  6. Division of Nephrology, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Mukoso Ozieh

Authors
  1. Oluwatoyin Olukotun
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  2. Olaitan Akinboboye
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  5. Leonard E. Egede
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Correspondence to Leonard E. Egede.

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Olukotun, O., Akinboboye, O., Williams, J.S. et al. Influences of Demographic, Social Determinants, Clinical, Knowledge, and Self-Care Factors on Quality of Life in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Black-White Differences. J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities 9, 1172–1183 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-021-01058-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-021-01058-9

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