Abstract
We prove an \({{\mathbb {F}}}_p\)-Selberg integral formula, in which the \({{\mathbb {F}}}_p\)-Selberg integral is an element of the finite field \({{\mathbb {F}}}_p\) with odd prime number p of elements. The formula is motivated by the analogy between multidimensional hypergeometric solutions of the KZ equations and polynomial solutions of the same equations reduced modulo p.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
In [23] Selberg remarks: “This paper was published with some hesitation, and in Norwegian, since I was rather doubtful that the results were new. The journal is one which is read by mathematics-teachers in the gymnasium, and the proof was written out in some detail so it should be understandable to someone who knew a little about analytic functions and analytic continuation.” See more in [11].
References
Anderson, G.W.: The evaluation of Selberg sums. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 311(8), 469–472 (1990)
Andrews, G.E., Askey, R., Roy, R.: Special Functions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1999)
Aomoto, K.: Jacobi polynomials associated with Selberg integral. SIAM J. Math. 18(2), 545–549 (1987)
Askey, R.: Some basic hypergeometric extensions of integrals of Selberg and Andrews. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 11, 938–951 (1980)
Cherednik, I.: From double Hecke algebra to analysis. Doc. Math. J. DMV Extra Vol. ICM II, 527–531 (1998)
Etingof, P., Frenkel, I., Kirillov, A.: Lectures on Representation Theory and Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov Equations. Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, vol. 58. AMS, Providence (1998). ISBN:0-8218-0496-0
Evans, R.J.: The evaluation of Selberg character sums. L’Enseign. Math. 37, 235–248 (1991)
Evans, R.J.: Selberg–Jack character sums of dimension 2. J. Number Theory 54(1), 1–11 (1995)
Felder, G., Stevens, L., Varchenko, A.: Elliptic Selberg integrals and conformal blocks. Math. Res. Lett. 10(5–6), 671–684 (2003)
Felder, G., Varchenko, A.: Integral representation of solutions of the elliptic Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov–Bernard equations. Int. Math. Res. Not. 5, 221–233 (1995)
Forrester, P.J., Warnaar, S.O.: The importance of the Selberg integral. Bull. Am. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 45, 489–534 (2008)
Habsieger, L.: Une \(q\)-intégrale de Selberg et Askey. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 19, 1475–1489 (1988)
Kaneko, J.: \(q\)-Selberg integrals and Macdonald polynomials. Ann. Sci. Ecole Norm. Sup. 29, 583–637 (1996)
Knizhnik, V., Zamolodchikov, A.: Current algebra and the Wess–Zumino model in two dimensions. Nucl. Phys. B 247, 83–103 (1984)
Lucas, E.: Theorie des Fonctions Numeriques Simplement Periodiques. American Journal of Mathematics. 1(2), 184–196 (1878). https://doi.org/10.2307/2369308, JSTOR 2369308, MR 1505161
Morris, W.G.: Constant term identities for finite and affine root system. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison (1982)
Mukhin, E., Varchenko, A.: Remarks on critical points of phase functions and norms of Bethe vectors. Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 27, 239–246 (2000)
Opdam, E.M.: Some applications of hypergeometric shift operators. Invent. Math. 98, 1–18 (1989)
Rains, E.: Multivariate quadratic transformations and the interpolation kernel. Contribution to the special issue on elliptic hypergeometric functions and their applications. SIGMA 14, 019 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3842/SIGMA.2018.019
Rimányi, R., Tarasov, V., Varchenko, A., Zinn-Justin, P.: Extended Joseph polynomials, quantized conformal blocks, and a q-Selberg type integral. J. Geom. Phys. 62, 2188–2207 (2012)
Rimányi, R., Varchenko, A.: The \({\mathbb{F}}_p\)-Selberg integral of type \(A_n\). Lett. Math. Phys. 111, 71 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11005-021-01417-x
Selberg, A.: Bemerkninger om et multipelt integral. Norsk Mat. Tidsskr. 26, 71–78 (1944)
Selberg, A.: Collected Papers I, p. 212. Springer, Heidelberg (1989)
Spiridonov, V.: On the elliptic beta function. (Russian) Uspekhi Mat. Nauk 5 6(1), 181–182 (2001) [Translation in Russian Math. Surveys 56(1), 185–186 (2001)]
Schechtman, V., Varchenko, A.: Arrangements of hyperplanes and Lie algebra homology. Invent. Math. 106, 139–194 (1991)
Schechtman, V., Varchenko, A.: Solutions of KZ differential equations modulo \(p\). Ramanujan J. 48(3), 655–683 (2019)
Slinkin, A., Varchenko, A.: Hypergeometric integrals modulo \(p\) and Hasse–Witt matrices. Arnold Math. J. 7, 267–311 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40598-020-00168-2
Tarasov, V., Varchenko, A.: Geometry of q-hypergeometric functions as a bridge between Yangians and quantum affine algebras. Invent. Math. 128, 501–588 (1997)
Tarasov, V., Varchenko, A.: Geometry of q-hypergeometric functions, quantum affine algebras and elliptic quantum groups. Asterisque 246, 1–135 (1997)
Tarasov, V., Varchenko, A.: Selberg-type integrals associated with \(\mathfrak{sl}_3\). Lett. Math. Phys. 65, 173–185 (2003)
van Diejen, J.F., Spiridonov, V.P.: Elliptic Selberg integrals. IMRN 2001(20), 1083–1110 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1155/S1073792801000526
Varchenko, A.: Multidimensional Hypergeometric Functions and Representation Theory of Lie Algebras and Quantum Groups. Advanced Series in Mathematical Physics, vol. 21. World Scientific, Singapore (1995)
Varchenko, A.: Special functions, KZ type equations, and representation theory. In: CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics, Vol 98, pp. 118. ISBN: 978-0-8218-2867-0 (2003)
Varchenko, A.: A Selberg integral type formula for an \(\mathfrak{sl}_2\) one-dimensional space of conformal blocks. Mosc. Math. J. 10(2), 469–475 (2010)
Varchenko, A.: Solutions modulo \(p\) of Gauss-Manin differential equations for multidimensional hypergeometric integrals and associated Bethe ansatz. Mathematics 5(4), 1–18, 52 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/math5040052
Varchenko, A.: Hyperelliptic integrals modulo p and Cartier-Manin matrices. Pure Appl. Math. Q. 16(3), 315–336 (2020)
Varchenko, A.: An invariant subbundle of the KZ connection mod \(p\) and reducibility of \({\widehat{sl}}_2\) Verma modules mod \(p\). Math. Notes. 109(3), 386–397 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001434621030068
Varchenko, A.: Determinant of \({\mathbb{F}}_p\)-hypergeometric solutions under ample reduction, 1–22. arXiv:2010.11275
Ole Warnaar, S.: Bisymmetric functions, Macdonald polynomials and \(mathfrak{sl}_3\) basic hypergeometric series. Compos. Math. 144, 271–303 (2008)
Ole Warnaar, S.: A Selberg integral for the Lie algebra \(A_n\). Acta Math. 203(2), 269–304 (2009)
Ole Warnaar, S.: The \(\mathfrak{sl}_3\) Selberg integral. Adv. Math. 224(2), 499–524 (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
R. Rimányi supported in part by Simons Foundation Grant 523882, A. Varchenko supported in part by NSF Grant DMS-1954266.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rimányi, R., Varchenko, A. The \({{\mathbb {F}}}_p\)-Selberg Integral. Arnold Math J. 8, 39–60 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40598-021-00191-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40598-021-00191-x
Keywords
- Selberg integral
- \({{\mathbb {F}}}_p\)-integral
- Morris’ identity
- Aomoto recursion
- KZ equations
- Reduction modulo p