Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation of different periods of estrogen replacement onset in the tibia of ovariectomized rats

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background and aims

Estrogen deficiency results in increased bone turnover and can lead to osteoporosis. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) seems to be the most effective means of reducing bone loss and fractures. However, the effects of the period of HRT onset on bone tissue require further elucidation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different periods of HRT onset on the trabecular bone of ovariectomized rats.

Methods

Seventy-five ovariectomized Wistar rats were divided into five groups according to the onset of treatment. Each group was subdivided into experimental (E; n = 10) and control (C; n = 5), according to treatment with 17-β-estradiol or vehicle alone (soybean oil), respectively, administered subcutaneously. The first group received treatment immediately post-surgery, while treatment in the remaining groups was initiated 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks post-surgery. Euthanasia occurred at 9 weeks post-surgery. The left tibias were removed and prepared for histomorphometric analyses. The histomorphometric results were statistically analyzed by the Student’s t test (p < 0.05).

Results

The percentage of trabecular bone was significantly greater in the first (p = 0.002) and second (p = 0.039) experimental subgroups compared with the control for the same period. In the experimental subgroups, the percentage of trabecular bone decreased according to the delay in HRT onset and was statistically significant (t = 3.367; p = 0.0023).

Conclusion

These findings indicate an increase in trabecular bone loss in tibia at 9 weeks post-ovariectomy. The period of HRT/E onset is important for preventing bone loss; however, despite its preventive effects, HRT/E does not restore lost bone.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ozmen B, Kirmaz C, Aydin K, Kafesciler SO, Guclu F, Hekimsoy Z (2007) Influence of the selective oestrogen receptor modulator (raloxifene hydrochloride) on IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 and bone turnover markers in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Eur Cytokine Netw 18(3):148–153. doi:10.1684/ecn.2007.0097

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Silva LK (2003) Technology assessment in health care: bone densitometry and alternative therapies in post-menopausal osteoporosis. Cad Saude Publica. 19(4):987–1003 pii: S0102-311X2003000400022

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Demontiero O, Vidal C, Duque G (2012) Aging and bone loss: new insights for the clinician. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 4(2):61–76

  4. Kalu DN (1991) The ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal bone loss. Bone Miner. 15(3):175–191

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Renno AC, de Moura FM, dos Santos NS, Tirico RP, Bossini PS, Parizotto NA (2006) Effects of 830-nm laser light on preventing bone loss after ovariectomy. Photomed Laser Surg. 24(5):642–645. doi:10.1089/pho.2006.24.642

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Devareddy L, Khalil DA, Korlagunta K, Hooshmand S, Bellmer DD, Arjmandi BH (2006) The effects of fructo-oligosaccharides in combination with soy protein on bone in osteopenic ovariectomized rats. Menopause 13(4):692–699. doi:10.1097/01.gme.0000195372.74944.71

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Canpolat S, Tug N, Seyran AD, Kumru S, Yilmaz B (2010) Effects of raloxifene and estradiol on bone turnover parameters in intact and ovariectomized rats. J Physiol Biochem. 66(1):23–28. doi:10.1007/s13105-010-0008-8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lane NE, Thompson JM, Haupt D, Kimmel DB, Modin G, Kinney JH (1998) Acute changes in trabecular bone connectivity and osteoclast activity in the ovariectomized rat in vivo. J Bone Miner Res 13(2):229–236. doi:10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.2.229

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Yang J, Pham SM, Crabbe DL (2003) Effects of oestrogen deficiency on rat mandibular and tibial microarchitecture. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 32(4):247–251

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Amarante F, Vilodre LC, Maturana MA, Spritzer PM (2011) Women with primary ovarian insufficiency have lower bone mineral density. Braz J Med Biol Res 44(1):78–83 (pii: S0100-879X2010007500122)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Crisafulli A, Marini H, Bitto A, Altavilla D, Squadrito G, Romeo A et al (2004) Effects of genistein on hot flushes in early postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind EPT- and placebo-controlled study. Menopause 11(4):400–404

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Freemantle N, Cooper C, Diez-Perez A, Gitlin M, Radcliffe H, Shepherd S et al (2012) Results of indirect and mixed treatment comparison of fracture efficacy for osteoporosis treatments: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. doi:10.1007/s00198-012-2068-9

    Google Scholar 

  13. Taxel P, Kaneko H, Lee SK, Aguila HL, Raisz LG, Lorenzo JA (2008) Estradiol rapidly inhibits osteoclastogenesis and RANKL expression in bone marrow cultures in postmenopausal women: a pilot study. Osteoporos Int 19(2):193–199. doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0452-7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Gambacciani M, Ciaponi M (2000) Postmenopausal osteoporosis management. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 12(3):189–197

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Amadei SU, Silveira VÁS, Pereira AC, Carvalho YR, Rocha RFd (2006) Influence of estrogen deficiency on bone remodeling and healing process. J brasileiro de patologia e medicina e laboratorial 24:5–12 (Epub 20/02/2006)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Pineda B, Hermenegildo C, Tarín JJ, Cano A, García-Pérez M (2012) Effects of administration of hormone therapy or raloxifene on the immune system and on biochemical markers of bone remodeling. Menopause 19(3):319–327. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e3182310a98

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. WHO Scientific Group on the Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis (2000: Geneva Switzerland) (2003) Prevention and management of osteoporosis: report of a WHO scientific group. World Health Organization, Geneva, p 192

    Google Scholar 

  18. Gurban CV, Mederle O (2011) The OPG/RANKL system and zinc ions are promoters of bone remodeling by osteoblast proliferation in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Rom J Morphol Embryol 52(3 Suppl):1113–1119

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Canderelli R, Leccesse LA, Miller NL (2007) Unruh Davidson J. Benefits of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 19(12):635–641. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2007.00269.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Laib A, Kumer JL, Majumdar S, Lane NE (2001) The temporal changes of trabecular architecture in ovariectomized rats assessed by MicroCT. Osteoporos Int 12(11):936–941

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Kodama M, Komura H, Kodama T, Nishio Y, Kimura T (2012) Estrogen therapy initiated at an early age increases bone mineral density in Turner syndrome patients. Endocr J 59(2):153–159

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis-Dentistry School, Univ Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Campus of São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Marianne Spalding, Priscila Ferreira Amschlinger, Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos, Gabriela de Morais Gouvêa Lima & Yasmin Rodarte Carvalho

  2. Av Francisco José Longo, 777, Jd. São Dimas, 12245-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Marianne Spalding

  3. Department of Diagnosis and Surgery-Dentistry School, Univ Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Campus of São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Warley David Kerbauy

  4. Department of Community Dentistry and Pediatric Clinic-Dentistry School, Univ Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Campus of São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Ivan Balducci

Authors
  1. Marianne Spalding
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Priscila Ferreira Amschlinger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Gabriela de Morais Gouvêa Lima
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Warley David Kerbauy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ivan Balducci
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Yasmin Rodarte Carvalho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marianne Spalding.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Spalding, M., Ferreira Amschlinger, P., de Vasconcellos, L.M.R. et al. Evaluation of different periods of estrogen replacement onset in the tibia of ovariectomized rats. Aging Clin Exp Res 26, 465–471 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-014-0268-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-014-0268-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation