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Examination of the factorial model of a scale developed to assess body satisfaction in the Brazilian context: a study with people 18 to 40 years old

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Abstract

Purpose

Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to investigate an instrument developed to assess body satisfaction of Brazilian women and men and to identify participants’ body satisfaction level.

Methods

Brazilian young adults completed the Body Satisfaction Situational Scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire. A total of 1481 individuals (female = 1035; male = 446) aged between 18 and 40 years old participated in the study. Factorial, convergent and discriminant validity and reliability were evaluated. An invariance test was performed across sexes using multi-group analysis. The prevalence of body satisfaction among participants was calculated using the final models of the instrument.

Results

The complete model of the scale (23 items and four factors) was invariant across sexes, but it did not fit the samples even after refinement. Therefore, a theoretical investigation of the scale content was performed based on literature. Thus, a reduced model composed of two factors and ten items was found for each sex. These models showed good validity and reliability to independent samples. About prevalence, most of the women were not at all satisfied with body fat and most of the men were slightly satisfied with body musculature. Further, women and men were moderately satisfied with their face, hair, and skin.

Conclusion

A reduced model of the instrument for women and another for men showed adequate indices of construct validity and reliability to samples. The most participants were not very satisfied with their bodies. The results can be useful to develop protocols aiming to promote body satisfaction.

Level of evidence

Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of São Paulo State University (UNESP, Campus of Araraquara/SP) for institutional support. Further, we are grateful to Arthur Ragazzi, Patrícia Teixeira, and Lucas Campos for their contribution to data collection.

Funding

The study was financially supported in part by the São Paulo Research Foundation (grants #2017/20315-7, #2019/19590-9).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, km 01, Araraquara, SP, 14800-903, Brazil

    Wanderson Roberto da Silva & Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos

  2. William James Center for Research (WJCR), ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal

    João Marôco

Authors
  1. Wanderson Roberto da Silva
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  2. João Marôco
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  3. Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos
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Contributions

Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Wanderson R. da Silva. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Wanderson R. da Silva and the other authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wanderson Roberto da Silva.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

The Human Research Ethics Committee of the São Paulo State University (UNESP) of School of Dentistry approved the study (ethics approval number: 88600318.3.0000.5416).

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Not applicable.

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Appendix

Appendix

See Table 5.

Table 5 Brazilian Portuguese and English versions of the Body Satisfaction Scale for each sex
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da Silva, W.R., Marôco, J. & Campos, J.A.D.B. Examination of the factorial model of a scale developed to assess body satisfaction in the Brazilian context: a study with people 18 to 40 years old. Eat Weight Disord 26, 2701–2712 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-01102-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-01102-3

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