Abstract
Purpose
This study presents the results of methodological research that derives evaluation items and tests the validity and reliability of the scale to measure quality of life of the overweight women.
Methods
The scale items were developed by the current researchers directly from the consultation data following a group interviewing process aiming to capture the women’s experiences, who are currently receiving primary health care. Pretest interviews were used to ensure that the questions were understood correctly. Six experts determined items for content validity of the scale and the evaluations of experts were scored using a content validity index. The scale is a Likert-type scale, ranging from 1 to 5. The items were tested on a sample of 506 healthy women. The body mass indices of participants were 30 and above. Psychometric analyses included explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and item response theory. Parallel analysis was used to extract factors in EFA. Internal consistency and Spearman Brown split-half test correlation were used for testing reliability.
Results
The scale was refined as four final dimensions, comprising 40 items as a whole. The result of Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity was found sufficient (χ2 = 14164.92; p < 0.001) and the KMO value was 0.959. This statistically significant value (p < 0.001) indicates that the sampling was sufficient and data had normal distribution. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.967. The Spearman Brown coefficient was found to be 0.884.
Conclusion
It was found that the scale is a valid and reliable assessment tool that can be used to measure the quality of life of overweight women.
Level of evidence
Methodological study, Level V.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kitis Y, Bilgili N, Hisar F, Ayaz S (2010) Frequency and affecting factors of metabolic syndrome in women older than 20 years of age. Anatol J Cardiol 10(2):111–120. https://doi.org/10.5152/akd.2010.033(Turkish)
Branca F, Nikogosian H, Lobstein T (2007) The challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response: summary: World Health Organization
WHO (2015) 10 facts on obesity. http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/en/. Accessed 01 Mar 2017
MMO (2010) Turkey nutrition and health survey 2010. Habits and nutritional status assessment final report. Ministry of Health Published, Turkey
Cox TL, Ard JD, Beasley TM, Fernandez JR, Howard VJ, Affuso O (2011) Body image as a mediator of the relationship between body mass index and weight-related quality of life in black women. J Women’s Health 20(10):1573–1578. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2010.2637
Hammoud AO, Walker JM, Gibson M, Cloward TV, Hunt SC, Kolotkin RL, Adams TD, Meikle AW (2011) Sleep apnea, reproductive hormones and quality of sexual life in severely obese men. Obesity (Silver Spring) 19(6):1118–1123. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2010.344
Choo J, Turk MT, Jae SY, Choo IH. (2015). Factors associated with health-related quality of life among overweight and obese Korean women. Women Health 55(2):152–166, https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2014.979966. (Epub 2015 Feb 23)
Ware JE, Kosinski M, Keller SD (1994) SF-36 physical and mental health summary scales: a user’s manual. New England Medical Center, Boston
Sorrells R, Yi-Frazier JP, Early KB (2016) Longitudinal quality of life improvement in underserved rural youth with obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2(4):444–455. https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.82. (Epub 2016 Nov 16)
A´gh T, Kova´cs G, Supina D, Pawaska M, Herman BK, Voko´ Z, Sheehan DV (2016) Systematic review of the health-related quality of life and economic burdens of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Eat Weight Disord 21:353–364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-016-0264
Graves BW (2010) The obesity epidemic: scope of the problem and management strategies. J Midwifery Women’s Health 55(6):568–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2010.05.00
De A, Mariano MH, Kolotkin RL, Petribú K et al (2010) Psychometric evaluation of a Brazilian version of the impact of weight on quality of life (IWQOL-Lite) instrument. Eur Eat Disord Rev 18(1):58–66. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.969
WHOQOL (2017) Measuring quality of life the World Health Organization quality of life instruments. http://www.who.int/mental_health/media/68.pdf. Accessed 01 Mar 2017
Lindberg NM, Stevens VJ, Halperin RO (2013) Weight-loss interventions for hispanic populations: the role of culture. J Obes 2(26):1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/542736
Demongeot J, Taramasco C (2014) Evolution of social networks: the example of obesity. Biogerontology 15(6):611–626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-014-9542-z
Aydın Y, Celbek G, Kutlucan A, Önder E, Güngör A, Alemdar R, Coşkun H, Özhan H (2012) Batı Karadeniz Bölgesinde obezite prevelansi: Melen çalışması (prevalence of obesity in Western Black Sea Region: Melen work). Turk J Endocrinol Metabol 16:52–57. https://doi.org/10.4274/Tjem.1966
Doğan N, Toprak D, Demir S (2011) Afyonkarahisar ilinde obezite prevalansi ve ilgili risk faktörleri (prevalence of obesity and associated risk factors in Afyonkarahisar-Turkey). J Med Sci 31(1):122–132. https://doi.org/10.5336/medsci.2009-14564
White MA, O’neil PM, Kolotkin RL, Byrne TK (2004) Gender, race, and obesity-related quality of life at extreme levels of obesity. Obes Res 12(6):949–955. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2004.116
Kolotkin RL, Crosby RD, Williams GR (2002) Health related quality of life varies among obese subgroups. Obes Res 10(8):748–756. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2002.102
Cronin L, Guyatt G, Griffith L, Wong E, Azziz R, Futterweit W, Cook D, Dunaif A (1998) Development of a health-related quality-of-life questionnaire (PCOSQ) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83(6):1976–1987
Polit DF, Beck CT (2006) The content validity index: are you sure you know what’s being reported? Critique and recommendations. Res Nurs Health 29(5):489–497. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20147
Erdoğan S, Nahcivan N, Esin M (2014) Research in nursing. Nobel medical bookstores, Turkey
Şencan H (2005) Reliability and validity in the social and behavioural measures. Seçkin Press, Turkey
Dinno A (2009) Implementing Horn’s parallel analysis for principal component analysis and factor analysis. Stata J 9(2):291–298
Çokluk Ö, Koçak D (2016) Using Horn’s parallel analysis method in exploratory factor analysis for determining the number of factors. Educ Sci Theory Pract 16(2):537–551
Cruz JP, Colet PC, Bashtawi MA, Mesde JH, Cruz CP (2017) Psychometric evaluation of the Cultural Capacity Scale Arabic version for nursing students. Contemp Nurse 53(1):13–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2016.1255153
Çokluk Ö, Şekercioğlu G, Büyüköztürk Ş (2012) Multivariate statistics for the social sciences SPSS and LISREL applications. Pegem Press, Turkey
Päätalo K, Kyngäs H (2016) Measuring hospital nurses’ well-being at work psychometric testing of the scale. Contemp Nurse 52(6):722–735. https://doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2016.1246072
Polit DF, Beck CT, Owen SV (2007) Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Res Nurs Health 30(4):459–467. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20199
Tabachick BG, Fidel SF (2001) Principal components and factor analysis: using multivariate statistics. Harper Collins College Publishers. Northridge, California
Chinda M, Jaturapatporn D, Kirshen AJ, Udomsubpayakul U (2011) Reliability and validity of a Thai version of the edmonton symptom assessment scale (ESAS-Thai). J Pain Symptom Manage 42(6):954–960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.02.020
Tezbaşaran A (1996) Scale development guide. Psychologists Association Publications, Turkey
Sainsbury K, Evans EH, Pedersen S et al (2018) Attribution of weight regain to emotional reasons amongst European adults with overweight and obesity who regained weight following a weight loss attempt. Eat Weight Disord. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0487-0
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
There was no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
The ethical consent that is required for the performance of the research was obtained from the Ethics Committee Gazi University; before the data were collected institutional permissions were obtained.
Informed consent
The women were asked to read the explanations related to the study on the front page of the questionnaire and to complete the questionnaire if they wished to participate in the study. After that, verbal and written consent were obtained from participants.
Data availability
The data used to generate the results of this manuscript are available on request from corresponding author.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kitiş, Y., Hisar, F. & Hisar, K.M. Development of a scale to measure quality of life of overweight women. Eat Weight Disord 25, 693–699 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00673-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00673-0