Abstract
Polyploidy has an important role in genetic and phenotypic diversity in plant evaluation and breeding potential. Spine gourd (2n = 2x = 28) is one of the most highly nutritious vegetables among the cucurbits. The objective of this study was to establish an efficient method for the induction of autotetraploids in spine gourd through colchicine treatment. For tetraploid induction, spine gourd sprouted tubers were treated with different colchicine concentrations (0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1%) along with various exposure durations, viz., 8, 10, 12, 24, and 36 h. Treatment with 0.1% colchicine solution for 10 h was found to be more effective in producing autotetraploids. Suspected tetraplopids were subjected to morphological, physiological, and chromosomal observations for their exact confirmation. 9 plants (6%) out of 150 tubers treated were found to be tetraploid, with the highest frequency (%) observed in 0.1% colchicine concentration. The tetraploid plant's flowering was delayed by 11 and 17 days in males and females, respectively. The leaves and flowers of tetraploids were significantly larger; stomata were longer by 56.61%; and chlorophyll content was higher by 53.12%. The tetraploid plants were accompanied by increased stomata size, pollen grain length, and chlorophyll content. Furthermore, differences in morphological and physiological characters between diploids and tetraploids were significant.
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Nirala, D., Tiwari, J.K., Sahu, N.K. et al. Morphological and physiological changes (variation) in colchicine induced tetraploids of spine gourd (Momordica dioica Roxb.) in comparison to their diploid counterparts. Plant Physiol. Rep. 28, 481–489 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-023-00758-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-023-00758-0