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Soil salinity and mechanical obstruction differentially affects embryonic root architecture in different rice genotypes from West Bengal

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Abstract

Making the first contact with the soil environment, roots are the first responders of soil borne stress including nutrient and water scarcity, hyper salinity and soil compactness. Embryonic root responds by bending, twisting, foraging and regulation of lateral root initiation. Traditional rice cultivars adapted to diverse topography harbour novel stress tolerance traits. We established a quantitative measurement coefficient termed stress adaptation coefficient (SAC) dependent on root responses to stress and applied it to study the effect of mechanical stress and salinity on roots of rice genotypes collected all across West Bengal, India. The responses of root to mechanical and salinity stress are overlapping. Analysis of the response of roots by means of SAC in 28 rice cultivars including high-yield salt tolerant varieties as well as geographically isolated native rice genotypes shows that many of the salt tolerant varieties also perform better in mechanical stress while the opposite is not always true. Transcriptome analysis through cDNA microarray of stress sensitive variety IR64 shows about 6000 common transcripts to be differentially regulated among the two stresses. Quantitative real time expression analyses of salt sensitive and known salt tolerant varieties reveal the involvement of identified genes in salinity and mechanical stress. Overall, our study indicates that there is an important commonality in the molecular basis of salt and mechanical stress and presents an easy-to-perform early establishment stress screen for rice genotypes.

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Acknowledgements

The work is supported by grants from Department of Biotechnology, GOI (BT/AB/05/02/2007-III dt.21/09/2010 and BT/IN/NWO/17/ALM dated 02.09.2015) and Raja Ramanna Fellowship (10/29/2010/RRF-R&D-II/6403 dt.03/06/2011), awarded to ALM, currently an INSA Senior Scientist and by Department of Science and Technology-SERB research Grant (SR/FT/LS-170/2010 dt. 21/08/12) to SSG. SA is funded by Govt. of India University Grants Commission-RGN Fellowship (2011-12/RGNF-SC-WES-13271). Funding for PD, AR and AM were from Department of Science and Technology-SERB research Grant (YSS/2015/001872), fellowship from Bose Institute and DBT Project respectively.

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  1. Sonali Sengupta

    Present address: School of Plant, Environment and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Centre, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700 054, India

    Sanghamitra Adak, Arindam Roy, Priyanka Das, Abhishek Mukherjee, Sonali Sengupta & Arun Lahiri Majumder

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SSG and ALM generated the concept and designed the experiments. SA performed the major experiments while AR and AM conducted the initial experiments. SA and PD analyzed the data. SA, SSG and PD wrote the draft manuscript. ALM finalized the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Arun Lahiri Majumder.

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Adak, S., Roy, A., Das, P. et al. Soil salinity and mechanical obstruction differentially affects embryonic root architecture in different rice genotypes from West Bengal. Plant Physiol. Rep. 24, 192–209 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-019-00450-2

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