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Antisocial Personality Disorder: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Distinct Subtypes

  • Personality and Impulse Control Disorders (R Lee, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The trait-oriented triarchic model of psychopathy emphasizes heterogeneity in mechanisms that give rise to antisocial behavior. We review findings from neurophysiological studies that provide evidence for distinct variants of antisocial personality involving different configurations of triarchic model traits—boldness, meanness, and disinhibition.

Recent Findings

High boldness is evident in some manifestations of ASPD, where it operates as a “mask” to conceal callous-disinhibitory proclivities. Meanness involves features of low empathy, weak affiliation, and an antagonistic social style that appear related to deficits in sensitivity to pain and distress in others. Disinhibition is associated with impairments in frontal-executive functioning manifested in deficient behavioral restraint and poor affect regulation.

Summary

We propose alternative subtypes of ASPD, including “primarily detached” and “primarily disinhibited” variants, with differing propensities for aggression and distinct neurophysiological profiles. Further research is needed to clarify mechanisms for these ASPD subtypes and how best to address them clinically.

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  1. PCD 4118G, Psychology Department, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620-7200, USA

    Sean McKinley & Edelyn Verona

  2. Department of Psychology, 1107 W. Call St., Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4301, USA

    Christopher Patrick

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  1. Sean McKinley
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McKinley, S., Patrick, C. & Verona, E. Antisocial Personality Disorder: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Distinct Subtypes. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 5, 72–80 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-018-0142-0

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