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Development and Application of Two Semi-Automated Tools for Targeted Medical Product Surveillance in a Distributed Data Network

  • Pharmacoepidemiology (S Toh, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Epidemiology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

An important component of the Food and Drug Administration’s Sentinel Initiative is the active post-market risk identification and analysis (ARIA) system, which utilizes semi-automated, parameterized computer programs to implement propensity-score adjusted and self-controlled risk interval designs to conduct targeted surveillance of medical products in the Sentinel Distributed Database. In this manuscript, we review literature relevant to the development of these programs and describe their application within the Sentinel Initiative.

Recent Findings

These quality-checked and publicly available tools have been successfully used to conduct rapid, replicable, and targeted safety analyses of several medical products. In addition to speed and reproducibility, use of semi-automated tools allows investigators to focus on decisions regarding key methodological parameters. We also identified challenges associated with the use of these methods in distributed and prospective datasets like the Sentinel Distributed Database, namely uncertainty regarding the optimal approach to estimating propensity scores in dynamic data among data partners of heterogeneous size.

Summary

Future research should focus on the methodological challenges raised by these applications as well as developing new modular programs for targeted surveillance of medical products.

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Acknowledgements

Mini-Sentinel is a pilot project sponsored by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to inform and facilitate development of a fully operational active surveillance system, the Sentinel System, for monitoring the safety of FDA-regulated medical products. Mini-Sentinel is one piece of the Sentinel Initiative, a multi-faceted effort by the FDA to develop a national electronic system that will complement existing methods of safety surveillance. Mini-Sentinel Collaborators include Data and Academic Partners that provide access to health care data and ongoing scientific, technical, methodological, and organizational expertise. The Mini-Sentinel Coordinating Center is funded by the FDA through the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Contract number HHSF223200910006I. This project was also supported in part by NIH U01 EB023683.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, 1620 Tremont St. Suite 3030, Boston, MA, 02120, USA

    John G. Connolly, Shirley V. Wang & Joshua J. Gagne

  2. Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Candace C. Fuller, Sengwee Toh, Catherine A. Panozzo, Noelle Cocoros & Judith C. Maro

  3. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pereleman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Meijia Zhou

  4. Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, University of Pennsylvania Pereleman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Meijia Zhou

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  1. John G. Connolly
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  2. Shirley V. Wang
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  4. Sengwee Toh
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  8. Joshua J. Gagne
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  9. Judith C. Maro
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Correspondence to John G. Connolly.

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Conflict of Interest

John G. Connolly, Catherine A. Panozzo, Noelle Cocoros, Meijia Zhou, and Judith C. Maro each declare no potential conflicts of interest.

Sengwee Toh reports grants from US Food and Drug Administration during the conduct of the study.

Shirley V. Wang reports grants from Sentinel Initiative, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Aetion, Inc., grants from Novartis, grants from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality outside the submitted work.

Joshua J. Gagne reports grants from US FDA, during the conduct of the study; grants from Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, grants from Eli Lilly and Company, personal fees from Aetion, Inc., personal fees from Optum, Inc., outside the submitted work.

Candace C. Fuller reports grants from US Food and Drug Administration during the conduct of the study.

Human and Animal Rights

All reported studies/experiments with human or animal subjects performed by the authors have been previously published and complied with all applicable ethical standards (including the Helsinki declaration and its amendments, institutional/national research committee standards, and international/national/institutional guidelines).

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Pharmacoepidemiology

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Connolly, J.G., Wang, S.V., Fuller, C.C. et al. Development and Application of Two Semi-Automated Tools for Targeted Medical Product Surveillance in a Distributed Data Network. Curr Epidemiol Rep 4, 298–306 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40471-017-0121-0

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